1,1,1-Trichloroethane

1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Skeletal formula of 1,1,1-trichloroethane
Skeletal formula of 1,1,1-trichloroethane
Space-filling model of 1,1,1-trichloroethane
Space-filling model of 1,1,1-trichloroethane
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Other names
1,1,1-TCA, Methyl chloroform, Chlorothene, Solvent 111, R-140a, Genklene, monochlorethylidene chloride (archaic)
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.688 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 200-756-3
82076
KEGG
RTECS number
  • KJ2975000
UNII
UN number 2831
  • InChI=1S/C2H3Cl3/c1-2(3,4)5/h1H3 checkY
    Key: UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/C2H3Cl3/c1-2(3,4)5/h1H3
    Key: UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYAP
  • ClC(Cl)(Cl)C
Properties
C2H3Cl3 or CH3CCl3
Molar mass 133.40 g/mol
Appearance Colourless liquid
Odor mild, chloroform-like[1]
Density 1.32 g/cm3
Melting point −33 °C (−27 °F; 240 K)
Boiling point 74 °C (165 °F; 347 K)
0.4% (20°C)[1]
0.480 g/litre at 20 °C[2]
Vapor pressure 100 mmHg (20°C)[1]
1.437[3]
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 Ozone layer impact. Irritant to the upper respiratory tract. Causes severe irritation and swelling to eyes.
GHS labelling:
GHS07: Exclamation mark
Warning
H332, H420
P261, P271, P304+P312, P304+P340, P312, P502
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g. canola oilInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
2
1
0
Explosive limits 7.5%-12.5%[1]
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
9600 mg/kg (oral, rat)
6000 mg/kg (oral, mouse)
5660 mg/kg (oral, rabbit)[4]
3911 ppm (mouse, 2 hr)
18000 ppm (rat, 4 hr)[4]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 350 ppm (1900 mg/m3)[1]
REL (Recommended)
 C 350 ppm (1900 mg/m3) [15-minute][1]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 700 ppm[1]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

The organic compound 1,1,1-trichloroethane, also known as methyl chloroform and chlorothene, is a chloroalkane with the chemical formula CH3CCl3. It is an isomer of 1,1,2-trichloroethane. A colourless and sweet-smelling liquid, it was once produced industrially in large quantities for use as a solvent.[5] It is regulated by the Montreal Protocol as an ozone-depleting substance and as such use has declined since 1996. Trichloroethane should not be confused with the similar-sounding trichloroethene which is also commonly used as a solvent.

  1. ^ a b c d e f g NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0404". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  2. ^ "International Programme On Chemical Safety, Environmental Health Criteria 136". World Health Organization, Geneva. 1990. Retrieved 25 December 2017.
  3. ^ Timmermans, Jean, Physico-chemical constants of pure organic compounds (1950), p. 242
  4. ^ a b "Methyl chloroform". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  5. ^ Manfred Rossberg, Wilhelm Lendle, Gerhard Pfleiderer, Adolf Tögel, Eberhard-Ludwig Dreher, Ernst Langer, Heinz Rassaerts, Peter Kleinschmidt, Heinz Strack, Richard Cook, Uwe Beck, Karl-August Lipper, Theodore R. Torkelson, Eckhard Löser, Klaus K. Beutel, Trevor Mann "Chlorinated Hydrocarbons" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2006, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a06_233.pub2.