12-inch/35-caliber gun

12"/35 caliber Mark 1 & 2 Naval Gun
USS Iowa – Crewmen pose by the ship's forward 12"/35 gun turret, 1898. The left-hand gun burst 9 April 1903, killing three crew men.
Type	Naval gun
Place of origin	United States
Service history
In service	1896
Used by	United States Navy
Wars	Spanish–American War World War I
Production history
Designer	Bureau of Ordnance
Manufacturer	US Naval Gun Factory
No. built	Mark 1: 8 (Nos. 1–8) Mark 2: 7 (Nos. 9–14, 57)
Variants	Mark 1 and Mark 2
Specifications
Mass	102,550 lb (46,520 kg) (with breech) 100,800 lb (45,700 kg) (without breech)
Length	441 in (11,200 mm)
Barrel length	425 in (10,800 mm) bore (35 calibers)
Shell	870 lb (390 kg) armor-piercing
Caliber	12 in (305 mm)
Elevation	Marks 1:-3° to +15° Marks 2:−5° to +15° Marks 3:−3° to +14°
Traverse	−150° to +150°
Rate of fire	1 rounds per minute
Muzzle velocity	2,100 ft/s (640 m/s)
Effective firing range	12,000 yd (10,973 m) at 15° elevation (max elevation of turrets)
Maximum firing range	21,000 yd (19,202 m) at 30° elevation

The 12"/35 caliber gun (spoken "twelve-inch-thirty-five–caliber") were used for the primary batteries of the United States Navy's "New Navy" monitors Puritan and Monterey and the battleships Texas and Iowa.^[1]