1861

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1861 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1861
MDCCCLXI
Ab urbe condita2614
Armenian calendar1310
ԹՎ ՌՅԺ
Assyrian calendar6611
Baháʼí calendar17–18
Balinese saka calendar1782–1783
Bengali calendar1268
Berber calendar2811
British Regnal year24 Vict. 1 – 25 Vict. 1
Buddhist calendar2405
Burmese calendar1223
Byzantine calendar7369–7370
Chinese calendar庚申年 (Metal Monkey)
4558 or 4351
    — to —
辛酉年 (Metal Rooster)
4559 or 4352
Coptic calendar1577–1578
Discordian calendar3027
Ethiopian calendar1853–1854
Hebrew calendar5621–5622
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1917–1918
 - Shaka Samvat1782–1783
 - Kali Yuga4961–4962
Holocene calendar11861
Igbo calendar861–862
Iranian calendar1239–1240
Islamic calendar1277–1278
Japanese calendarMan'en 2 / Bunkyū 1
(文久元年)
Javanese calendar1789–1790
Julian calendarGregorian minus 12 days
Korean calendar4194
Minguo calendar51 before ROC
民前51年
Nanakshahi calendar393
Thai solar calendar2403–2404
Tibetan calendar阳金猴年
(male Iron-Monkey)
1987 or 1606 or 834
    — to —
阴金鸡年
(female Iron-Rooster)
1988 or 1607 or 835

1861 (MDCCCLXI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar, the 1861st year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 861st year of the 2nd millennium, the 61st year of the 19th century, and the 2nd year of the 1860s decade. As of the start of 1861, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

This year saw significant progress in the Unification of Italy, the outbreak of the American Civil War, and the emancipation reform abolishing serfdom in the Russian Empire.