| 1895 Atlantic hurricane season | |
|---|---|
 Season summary map | |
| Seasonal boundaries | |
| First system formed | August 14, 1895 |
| Last system dissipated | October 26, 1895 |
| Strongest storm | |
| Name | Two |
| • Maximum winds | 110 mph (175 km/h) (1-minute sustained) |
| • Lowest pressure | 963 mbar (hPa; 28.44 inHg) |
| Seasonal statistics | |
| Total storms | 6 |
| Hurricanes | 2 |
| Total fatalities | 56 |
| Total damage | > $1 million (1895 USD) |
| Related article | |
The 1895 Atlantic hurricane season was a fairly inactive one, featuring only six known tropical cyclones, although each of them made landfall. Of those six systems, only two intensified a hurricane, while none of those strengthened into a major hurricane. [nb 1] However, in the absence of modern satellite and other remote-sensing technologies, only storms that affected populated land areas or encountered ships at sea were recorded, so the actual total could be higher. An undercount bias of zero to six tropical cyclones per year between 1851 and 1885 and zero to four per year between 1886 and 1910 has been estimated.[2]
During their respective reassessments of the season, neither meteorologists José Fernández-Partagás and Henry F. Diaz in 1996 nor the Atlantic hurricane reanalysis project added or removed any storms from official hurricane database (HURDAT). However, the latter retroactively downgraded the fifth system from a major hurricane to a Category 2 storm on the present-day Saffir–Simpson scale. A reanalysis study by climate researcher Michael Chenoweth, published in 2014, concluded that 10 tropical cyclones formed in the Atlantic in 1895, suggesting the removal of two storms from HURDAT and the addition to six storms. However, the changes suggested in Chenoweth's study have yet to be included in HURDAT.
On August 14, ships detected the season's first known cyclone over the Gulf of Mexico. The storm struck Louisiana and Mississippi, producing rains and winds along the Gulf Coast of the United States and in Georgia. Later that month, the second storm caused at least $1 million (1895 USD) in damage in northeastern Mexico alone.[nb 2] The track for the season's third system begins on September 28 over the northwestern Caribbean Sea. Although it crossed the Yucatán Peninsula and the Bahamas after moving near the Florida Keys, the cyclone most severely impacted Cuba, where 56 deaths occurred. In mid-October, the fifth storm of the season also impacted Cuba, Florida, and the Bahamas, as well as Bermuda, with an unknown number of people killed in Cuba. The storm likely became extratropical on October 26 to the southwest of the Azores.
- ^ North Atlantic Hurricane Basin (1851-2022) Comparison of Original and Revised HURDAT. Hurricane Research Division; Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. April 2023. Retrieved March 17, 2024.
- ^ Landsea, Christopher W. (2004). "The Atlantic hurricane database re-analysis project: Documentation for the 1851–1910 alterations and additions to the HURDAT database". In Murname, Richard J.; Liu, Kam-biu (eds.). Hurricanes and Typhoons: Past, Present and Future. New York City, New York: Columbia University Press. p. 195. ISBN 0-231-12388-4. Retrieved March 16, 2024.
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