| 1906 VFL premiership season | |
|---|---|
 Carlton 1906 VFL premiership team | |
| Date | 5 May—22 September 1906 |
| Teams | 8 |
| Premiers | Carlton 1st premiership |
| Minor premiers | Carlton 1st minor premiership |
| Leading goalkicker medallist | Mick Grace (Carlton) 50 goals |
| Matches played | 71 |
The 1906 VFL season was the tenth season of the Victorian Football League (VFL), the highest-level senior Australian rules football competition in Victoria. The season featured eight clubs and ran from 5 May to 22 September, comprising a 17-match home-and-away season followed by a two-week finals series featuring the top four clubs.
Carlton won the premiership, defeating Fitzroy by 49 points in the 1906 VFL grand final; it was Carlton's first VFL premiership. Carlton also won the minor premiership by finishing atop the home-and-away ladder with a 14–3 win–loss record. Carlton's Mick Grace won the leading goalkicker medal as the league's leading goalkicker, becoming the first player to kick 50 goals in a VFL season.