1989 Chilean general election

1989 Chilean general election

14 December 1989
Presidential election
← 1970
1993 →
Turnout94.72% (Increase 11.25pp)
 
Candidate Patricio Aylwin Hernán Büchi Francisco Javier Errázuriz
Party PDC Independent Independent
Alliance Concertación DP LiberalSocialist
Popular vote 3,850,571 2,052,116 1,077,172
Percentage 55.17% 29.40% 15.43%

Results by commune

President before election

Augusto Pinochet
Independent

Elected President

Patricio Aylwin
PDC

Chamber of Deputies
← 1973
1993 →

All 120 seats in the Chamber of Deputies
61 seats needed for a majority
Turnout94.73% (Increase 12.98pp)
Party Vote % Seats
Concertación

51.49 69
Democracy and Progress

34.18 48
Unity for Democracy

5.31 2
Independents

1.88 1
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Senate
← 1973
1993 →

38 of the 47 seats in the Senate
Turnout94.73%
Party Vote % Seats
Concertación

54.63 22
Democracy and Progress

34.85 16
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Presidential election ballot paper

General elections were held in Chile on 14 December 1989,[1] bringing an end to the military regime that had been in place since 1973. Patricio Aylwin of Concertación alliance was elected President, whilst the alliance also won a majority of seats in the Chamber of Deputies and in the elected Senate seats.

From the 1989 elections onwards the military had officially left the political future of the country to civilians to be elected. Pinochet did not endorse any candidate publicly. Former dictatorship minister Hernán Büchi ran for president as candidate of the two right-wing parties, RN and UDI. He had little political experience and was a relatively young (40 years) technocrat credited for Chile's good economic performance in the later half of the 1980s. The right parties faced several problems in the elections: there was considerable infighting between RN and UDI, Büchi had only very reluctantly accepted to run for president and right-wing politicians struggled to define their position towards the Pinochet regime. In addition to this right-wing populist Francisco Javier Errázuriz Talavera ran independently for president and made several election promises Büchi could not match.[2]

The centre-left coalition Concertación was rather united and confident. Its candidate Patricio Aylwin, a Christian Democrat, behaved as if he had won and refused a second television debate with Büchi. Büchi attacked Aylwin on a remark he had made concerning that inflation rate of 20% was not much and he also accused Aylwin of making secret agreements with the Communist Party of Chile, a party that was not part of Concertación.[2] Aylwin spoke with strength about the need to clarify human rights violations but did not confront the dictatorship for it, in contrast Büchi as a regime collaborator lacked any credibility when dealing with human rights violations.[2]

Büchi and Errázuriz lost to Patricio Aylwin. The electoral system meant that the largely Pinochet-sympathetic right was overrepresented in parliament[2] in such way that it could block any reform to the constitution.[2] This over-representation was crucial for UDI to obtain places in parliament and secure its political future.[2] Pinochet declared himself to be satisfied with the election. The far-left and the far-right performed poorly in the election.[2]

  1. ^ Dieter Nohlen (2005) Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume II, p262 ISBN 978-0-19-928358-3
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Angell, Alan; Pollack, Benny (1990). "The Chilean Elections of 1989". Bulletin of Latin American Research. 9 (1). Society for Latin American Studies: 1–23.