6th Division (German Empire)

6th Division (6. Division); in 1870-71 and from August 2, 1914, 6th Infantry Division (6. Infanterie-Division)
Active1818–1919
CountryPrussia/Germany
BranchArmy
TypeInfantry (in peacetime included cavalry)
SizeApprox. 15,000
Part ofIII. Army Corps (III. Armeekorps)
Garrison/HQDüsseldorf (1818–20), Torgau (1820–50), Brandenburg (1850–1919)
EngagementsSecond Schleswig War: Dybbøl

Austro-Prussian War: Königgrätz
Franco-Prussian War: Mars-la-Tour, Gravelotte, Metz, Orléans, Le Mans

World War I: Battle of the Marne, Race to the Sea, Serbian Campaign, Verdun, Somme, Kerensky Offensive, 2nd Aisne, Hundred Days Offensive
Commanders
Notable
commanders		Wilhelm von Krauseneck, Gottlieb Graf von Haeseler, Hans Hartwig von Beseler, Ferdinand von Quast

The 6th Division (6. Division) was a unit of the Prussian Army.[1] It was formed in Düsseldorf in 1816 as a brigade and became the 6th Division on September 5, 1818.[2] The headquarters moved to Torgau in 1820 and then to Brandenburg in 1850.[3] The division was subordinated in peacetime to the III Army Corps (III. Armeekorps).[4] The division was disbanded in 1919 during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I. The division was recruited in the Province of Brandenburg.

The 6th Division fought in the Second Schleswig War of 1864, including the key Battle of Dybbøl, or Düppeler Heights.[5] The division then fought in the Austro-Prussian War in 1866, including the Battle of Königgrätz.[6] In the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71, the division saw action in the battles of Mars-la-Tour, Gravelotte, Orléans, and Le Mans, and in the Siege of Metz.[6]

The division was mobilized as the 6th Infantry Division in August 1914 and sent to the west for the opening campaigns of the war. In 1914 it fought in the Battle of the Marne and the Race to the Sea. It then settled into positional warfare in the trenches along the Somme. The division was sent east in late 1915 to participate in the Serbian Campaign. It fought in the early phases of the Battle of Verdun and in the Battle of the Somme in 1916. In mid-1917, it was sent to the Eastern Front in response to the Russian Kerensky Offensive. It returned to the Western Front in September 1917, and remained there until war's end, participating in the Second Battle of the Aisne in 1917 and in the German spring offensive of 1918 and the Allied offensives that followed. The division was rated among the best in the German Army by Allied intelligence.[7][8]

  1. ^ From the late 1800s, the Prussian Army was effectively the German Army, as during the period of German unification (1866-1871) the states of the German Empire entered into conventions with Prussia regarding their armies and only the Bavarian Army remained fully autonomous.
  2. ^ Günter Wegner, Stellenbesetzung der deutschen Heere 1815-1939. (Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück, 1993), Bd. 1, p.97; Claus von Bredow, bearb., Historische Rang- und Stammliste des deuschen Heeres (1905), pp.321-322.
  3. ^ Wegner, p.97.; Bredow, pp.321-322.
  4. ^ Wegner, p. 48.
  5. ^ Wegner, pp.321-322
  6. ^ a b Hermann Cron et al., Ruhmeshalle unserer alten Armee (Berlin, 1935); Wegner, pp.321-322.
  7. ^ 6. Infanterie-Division
  8. ^ Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army which Participated in the War (1914-1918), compiled from records of Intelligence section of the General Staff, American Expeditionary Forces, at General Headquarters, Chaumont, France 1919 (1920), pp. 108-111.