Abu'l-Hasan Sani al-Mulk

Abu'l-Hasan Ghaffari Kashani
Sani al-Mulk
ابوالحسن غفاری صنیع‌الملک
Self-portrait of Abu'l-Hasan Khan Ghaffari Kashani
Born
Abu'l-Hasan Ghaffari Kashani

1814
Died1866
EraQajar Iran
EmployerQajar Royal Court
Known forPainting
TitleKhan
ChildrenAsadollah Khan, Seyfollah Khan, Yahya Khan
FatherMirza Mohammad Ghaffari
Two young lovers and a hairdresser. Sani al Mulk, 1843, oil painting, Golestan Palace

Abu'l-Hasan Khan Ghaffari Kashani (Persian: ابوالحسن غفاری; 1814–1866) was an Iranian painter, miniature and lacquer artist, and book illustrator. When he became the Chief Court Painter, he also became known as Sani al-Mulk (صنیع‌الملک), meaning "The Crafter of the Kingdom." He was a student of Mihr Ali and a court painter in Mohammad Shah Qajar's court. After being dismissed as a court painter, he went to Europe to study, most notably in Italy. When he returned to Iran, he became the Director of Printing and Chief Illustrator for Nasir al-Din Shah and earned the separate title Chief Court Painter.[1] He supervised the illustration of a famous One Thousand and One Nights manuscript, which can be viewed today in Tehran in the Golestan Palace Library.[2]

  1. ^ "Iran Chamber Society: Iranian Visual Arts: Sani-ol-Molk". Retrieved 1 October 2014.
  2. ^ B. W. Robinson, "Abu'l-Hasan Khan Gaffari", Encyclopædia Iranica, I/3, pp. 306–308