| acetolactate synthase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Crystal structure of Arabidopsis thaliana acetohydroxyacid synthase complexed with a sulfonylurea herbicide, metsulfuron-methyl.[1] | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC no. | 2.2.1.6 | ||||||||
| CAS no. | 9027-45-6 | ||||||||
| Alt. names | pyruvate:pyruvate acetaldehydetransferase (decarboxylating) | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
| Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO | ||||||||
| |||||||||
The acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme (also known as acetohydroxy acid or acetohydroxyacid synthase, abbr. AHAS)[2] is a protein found in plants and micro-organisms. ALS catalyzes the first step in the synthesis of the branched-chain amino acids (valine, leucine, and isoleucine).[3]
A human protein of yet unknown function, sharing some sequence similarity with bacterial ALS, is encoded by the ILVBL (ilvB-like) gene.[4]
- ^ PDB: 1YHY; McCourt JA, Pang SS, King-Scott J, Guddat LW, Duggleby RG (January 2006). "Herbicide-binding sites revealed in the structure of plant acetohydroxyacid synthase". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 103 (3): 569–73. Bibcode:2006PNAS..103..569M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0508701103. PMC 1334660. PMID 16407096.
- ^ Powles SB, Yu Q (2010-06-02). "Evolution in action: plants resistant to herbicides". Annual Review of Plant Biology. 61 (1). Annual Reviews: 317–47. doi:10.1146/annurev-arplant-042809-112119. PMID 20192743.
- ^ Chipman D, Barak Z, Schloss JV (June 1998). "Biosynthesis of 2-aceto-2-hydroxy acids: acetolactate synthases and acetohydroxyacid synthases". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology. 1385 (2): 401–19. doi:10.1016/S0167-4838(98)00083-1. PMID 9655946.
- ^ Joutel A, Ducros A, Alamowitch S, Cruaud C, Domenga V, Maréchal E, Vahedi K, Chabriat H, Bousser MG, Tournier-Lasserve E (December 1996). "A human homolog of bacterial acetolactate synthase genes maps within the CADASIL critical region". Genomics. 38 (2): 192–8. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0615. PMID 8954801.