Acrolein

Not to be confused with Propanol, Acyloin, or Propanal.
Acrolein
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Prop-2-enal
Other names
Acraldehyde[1]
Acrylic aldehyde[1]
Allyl aldehyde[1]
Ethylene aldehyde
Acrylaldehyde[1]
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.141 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 203-453-4
KEGG
RTECS number
  • AS1050000
UNII
UN number 1092
  • InChI=1S/C3H4O/c1-2-3-4/h2-3H,1H2 checkY
    Key: HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/C3H4O/c1-2-3-4/h2-3H,1H2
    Key: HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYAQ
  • O=CC=C
  • C=CC=O
Properties
C3H4O
Molar mass 56.064 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless to yellow liquid. Colorless gas in smoke.
Odor Acrid, Foul, Irritating
Density 0.839 g/mL
Melting point −88 °C (−126 °F; 185 K)
Boiling point 53 °C (127 °F; 326 K)
Appreciable (> 10%)
Vapor pressure 210 mmHg[1]
Hazards[3]
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 Highly poisonous. Causes severe irritation to exposed membranes. Extremely flammable liquid and vapor.
GHS labelling:
GHS02: Flammable GHS05: Corrosive GHS06: Toxic GHS08: Health hazard GHS09: Environmental hazard
Danger
H225, H300, H311, H314, H330, H410
P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P310, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P312, P320, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g. VX gasFlammability 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasolineInstability 3: Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition but requires a strong initiating source, must be heated under confinement before initiation, reacts explosively with water, or will detonate if severely shocked. E.g. hydrogen peroxideSpecial hazards (white): no code
4
3
3
Flash point −26 °C (−15 °F; 247 K)
278 °C (532 °F; 551 K)
Explosive limits 2.8-31%[1]
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
875 ppm (mouse, 1 min)
175 ppm (mouse, 10 min)
150 ppm (dog, 30 min)
8 ppm (rat, 4 hr)
375 ppm (rat, 10 min)
25.4 ppm (hamster, 4 hr)
131 ppm (rat, 30 min)[2]
674 ppm (cat, 2 hr)[2]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 0.1 ppm (0.25 mg/m3)[1]
REL (Recommended)
 TWA 0.1 ppm (0.25 mg/m3) ST 0.3 ppm (0.8 mg/m3)[1]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 2 ppm[1]
Safety data sheet (SDS) Sigma-Aldrich SDS
Related compounds
Related alkenals
 Crotonaldehyde

cis-3-Hexenal
(E,E)-2,4-Decadienal

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Acrolein (systematic name: propenal) is the simplest unsaturated aldehyde. It is a colorless liquid with a foul and acrid aroma. The smell of burnt fat (as when cooking oil is heated to its smoke point) is caused by glycerol in the burning fat breaking down into acrolein. It is produced industrially from propene and mainly used as a biocide and a building block to other chemical compounds, such as the amino acid methionine.

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0011". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  2. ^ a b "Acrolein". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  3. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-04-02. Retrieved 2015-03-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)