Adapis

Adapis
Temporal range: Bartonian-Priabonian,[1] 41.3–33.9 Ma
Adapis parisiensis
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Suborder: Strepsirrhini
Family: †Adapidae
Subfamily: †Adapinae
Genus: †Adapis
Cuvier, 1822
Type species
†Adapis parisiensis
Cuvier, 1821
Species
  • †A. bruni Stehlin, 1912
  • †A. collinsonae Hooker, 1986
  • †A. parisiensis Cuvier, 1821
  • †A. sudrei Gingerich, 1977

Adapis is an extinct adapiform primate from the Eocene of Europe.[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] While this genus has traditionally contained five species (A. magnus, A. bruni, A. collinsonae, A. parisiensis, and A. sudrei), recent research has recognized at least six morphotypes that may represent distinct species.[6] Adapis holds the title of the first Eocene primate ever discovered. In 1821, Georges Cuvier, who is considered to be the founding father of paleontology, discovered Adapis in fissure fillings outside of Paris, France.[3] Given its timing and appearance in the fossil record, Cuvier did not recognize the primate affinities of Adapis and first described it as a small extinct pachyderm; only later in the 19th century was Adapis identified as a primate.[6][8]

  1. ^ "Adapis". paleobiodb.org. Retrieved 2021-09-21.
  2. ^ Gingerich, Philip D. (November 1981). "Cranial morphology and adaptations in Eocene Adapidae. I. Sexual dimorphism in Adapis magnus and Adapis parisiensis". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 56 (3): 217–234. doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330560303. hdl:2027.42/37606.
  3. ^ a b Napier, J. R. "Historical background of primate studies". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  4. ^ Bernardi, Margot; Couette, Sébastien (September 2017). "Eocene paleoecology of Adapis parisiensis (Primate, Adapidae): from inner ear to lifestyle". The Anatomical Record. 300 (9): 1576–1588. doi:10.1002/ar.23609. PMID 28452186. S2CID 19045637.
  5. ^ Fleagle, John G. (2013). Primate Adaptation and Evolution (3rd ed.). Academic Press.[page needed]
  6. ^ a b c Marigó, Judit; Verrière, Nicole; Godinot, Marc (January 2019). "Systematic and locomotor diversification of the Adapis group (Primates, Adapiformes) in the late Eocene of the Quercy (Southwest France), revealed by humeral remains". Journal of Human Evolution. 126: 71–90. Bibcode:2019JHumE.126...71M. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2018.10.009. PMID 30583845. S2CID 58560825.
  7. ^ Gingerich, Philip D.; Martin, Robert D. (November 1981). "Cranial morphology and adaptations in Eocene Adapidae. II. The Cambridge skull of Adapis parisiensis". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 56 (3): 235–257. doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330560304. hdl:2027.42/37607.
  8. ^ a b Gingerich, Philip D. (May 1972). "Molar occlusion and jaw mechanics of the Eocene primate Adapis". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 36 (3): 359–368. doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330360306. PMID 5064309.
  9. ^ Godinot, Marc (1991). "Toward the locomotion of two contemporaneous Adapis species". Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Anthropologie. 78 (3): 387–405. doi:10.1127/zma/78/1991/387. JSTOR 25757326. PMID 1887665.
  10. ^ Schwartz, Gary T.; Miller, Ellen R.; Gunnell, Gregg F. (January 2005). "Developmental processes and canine dimorphism in primate evolution". Journal of Human Evolution. 48 (1): 97–103. Bibcode:2005JHumE..48...97S. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2004.10.005. PMID 15656938.