Adipose triglyceride lipase

PNPLA2
Identifiers
Aliases	PNPLA2, 1110001C14Rik, ATGL, PEDF-R, TTS-2.2, TTS2, iPLA2zeta, FP17548, patatin like phospholipase domain containing 2
External IDs	OMIM: 609059; MGI: 1914103; HomoloGene: 10687; GeneCards: PNPLA2; OMA:PNPLA2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (human)
End	825,573 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 7 (mouse)
End	141,040,656 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	apex of heart; ; subcutaneous adipose tissue; ; left coronary artery; ; gastric mucosa; ; right lung; ; mucosa of transverse colon; ; minor salivary glands; ; body of stomach; ; right coronary artery; ; gastrocnemius muscle;
	Top expressed in
	lactiferous gland; ; brown adipose tissue; ; white adipose tissue; ; muscle of thigh; ; subcutaneous adipose tissue; ; tunica adventitia of aorta; ; intercostal muscle; ; interventricular septum; ; cardiac muscles; ; myocardium of ventricle;
	More reference expression data
	; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	hydrolase activity; lipoprotein lipase activity; acylglycerol O-acyltransferase activity; triglyceride lipase activity;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; cytosol; lipid droplet; plasma membrane; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; cytoplasm; membrane; nucleoplasm; endoplasmic reticulum lumen;
Biological process	lipid catabolic process; lipid storage; metabolism; negative regulation of sequestering of triglyceride; positive regulation of triglyceride catabolic process; acylglycerol acyl-chain remodeling; lipid droplet organization; lipid metabolism; triglyceride catabolic process; lipid homeostasis; post-translational protein modification; cellular lipid catabolic process;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	57104
	66853
	ENSG00000177666
	ENSMUSG00000025509
	Q96AD5
	Q8BJ56
	NM_020376
	NM_001163689; NM_025802
	NP_065109
	NP_001157161; NP_080078
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Adipose triglyceride lipase, also known as patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2 and ATGL, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PNPLA2 gene.^[5]^[6]^[7] ATGL catalyses the first reaction of lipolysis,^[8] where triacylglycerols are hydrolysed to diacylglycerols.^[9]

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000177666 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000025509 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY, Liu W, Gibbs RA (April 1996). "A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction". Analytical Biochemistry. 236 (1): 107–113. doi:10.1006/abio.1996.0138. PMID 8619474.
^ Wilson PA, Gardner SD, Lambie NM, Commans SA, Crowther DJ (September 2006). "Characterization of the human patatin-like phospholipase family". Journal of Lipid Research. 47 (9): 1940–1949. doi:10.1194/jlr.M600185-JLR200. PMID 16799181.
^ Kienesberger PC, Oberer M, Lass A, Zechner R (April 2009). "Mammalian patatin domain containing proteins: a family with diverse lipolytic activities involved in multiple biological functions". Journal of Lipid Research. 50 (Suppl): S63–S68. doi:10.1194/jlr.R800082-JLR200. PMC 2674697. PMID 19029121.
^ Ojha S, Budge H, Symonds ME (2014). "Adipocytes in Normal Tissue Biology". In McManus LM, Mitchell RN (eds.). Pathobiology of Human Disease. San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 2003–2013. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-386456-7.04408-7. ISBN 978-0-12-386457-4.
^ Lehner R, Quiroga AD (2016). "Chapter 5 - Fatty Acid Handling in Mammalian Cells". In Ridgway ND, McLeod RS (eds.). Biochemistry of Lipids, Lipoproteins and Membranes (Sixth ed.). Boston: Elsevier. pp. 149–184. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63438-2.00005-5. ISBN 978-0-444-63438-2.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000177666 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000025509 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid8619474-5] Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY, Liu W, Gibbs RA (April 1996). "A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction". Analytical Biochemistry. 236 (1): 107–113. doi:10.1006/abio.1996.0138. PMID 8619474.

[pmid16799181-6] Wilson PA, Gardner SD, Lambie NM, Commans SA, Crowther DJ (September 2006). "Characterization of the human patatin-like phospholipase family". Journal of Lipid Research. 47 (9): 1940–1949. doi:10.1194/jlr.M600185-JLR200. PMID 16799181.

[pmid19029121-7] Kienesberger PC, Oberer M, Lass A, Zechner R (April 2009). "Mammalian patatin domain containing proteins: a family with diverse lipolytic activities involved in multiple biological functions". Journal of Lipid Research. 50 (Suppl): S63–S68. doi:10.1194/jlr.R800082-JLR200. PMC 2674697. PMID 19029121.

[Ojha_2014-8] Ojha S, Budge H, Symonds ME (2014). "Adipocytes in Normal Tissue Biology". In McManus LM, Mitchell RN (eds.). Pathobiology of Human Disease. San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 2003–2013. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-386456-7.04408-7. ISBN 978-0-12-386457-4.

[Lehner_2016-9] Lehner R, Quiroga AD (2016). "Chapter 5 - Fatty Acid Handling in Mammalian Cells". In Ridgway ND, McLeod RS (eds.). Biochemistry of Lipids, Lipoproteins and Membranes (Sixth ed.). Boston: Elsevier. pp. 149–184. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63438-2.00005-5. ISBN 978-0-444-63438-2.

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