Aluminum cycle

A metamorphic rock called emery that is mostly made of corundum which is an aluminum oxide. This is an example of an aluminum deposit.

Aluminum is the third most abundant element in the lithosphere at 82,000 ppm. It occurs in low levels, 0.9 ppm, in humans.[1] Aluminum is known to be an ecotoxicant and expected to be a health risk to people. Global primary production (GPP) of aluminum was about 52 million tons in 2013 and remains one of the world's most important metals. It is used for infrastructure, vehicles, aviation, energy and more due to its lightweight, ductility, and cheap cost. Aluminum is harvested from gibbsite, boehmite, and diaspore which make up bauxite.[2] The aluminum cycle is the biogeochemical cycle by which aluminum is moved through the environment by natural and anthropogenic processes. The biogeochemical cycle of aluminum is integral with silicon and phosphorus. For example, phosphates store aluminum that has been sedimented and aluminum is found in diatoms (made of silica). Aluminum has been found to prevent growth in organisms by making phosphates less available. The humans/lithosphere ratio (B/L) is very low at 0.000011. This level shows that aluminum is more essential in the lithospheric cycle than in the biotic cycle.[1]

  1. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference :4 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Pogue, Aileen I.; Lukiw, Walter J. (2014). "The Mobilization of Aluminum into the Biosphere". Frontiers in Neurology. 5: 262. doi:10.3389/fneur.2014.00262. ISSN 1664-2295. PMC 4259105. PMID 25538680.