American Tianxia

American Tianxia (Chinese: 美国天下; pinyin: Měiguó Tiānxià) is a term coined by the historian Wang Gungwu in 2013[1][2] to refer to the contemporary global order centered on the United States. It was further developed by sociologist Salvatore Babones to analyze today's millennial world-system[3] through the lens of the Chinese concept of tianxia, meaning "all under heaven."[4] While the United States is often called an "empire," this is a historically loaded term that is associated with perceptions of American imperialism. The concept of tianxia has a different set of meanings attached to it that Wang suggests and Babones argues are closer to what the United States actually displays in its contemporary approach to foreign affairs.

  1. ^ Wang., Gungwu. "Renewal: The Chinese State and the New Global History". Australian Centre on China in the World. Chinese University Press. Retrieved July 1, 2017.
  2. ^ Babones, Salvatore (2017). American Tianxia: Chinese Money, American Power and the End of History. Bristol: Policy Press. p. 16. doi:10.51952/9781447336815. ISBN 978-1-4473-3681-5.
  3. ^ Babones, Salvatore. "Sovereignty in the Millennial World-System". Institute for Research on World-Systems. University of California at Riverside. Retrieved July 1, 2017.
  4. ^ Matti Puranen (July 17, 2020). "Warring States and Harmonized Nations: Tianxia Theory as a World Political Argument" (PDF). University of Jyväskylä. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 14, 2020.