Anatra

Anatra (Анатра) was an aircraft manufacturer founded by Artur Antonovich Anatra (Артур Антонович Анатра) at Odesa, Ukraine, then Russian Empire in 1913 which manufactured aircraft until 1917. Artur Anatra had previously helped fund the purchase of the first aircraft to arrive in the Russian Empire, in 1909.

The factory began as a naval workshop producing foreign designs, and they constructed approximately twenty aircraft from 1909 through 1912. Anatra licensed designs by Farman, Morane-Saulnier, Nieuport, and Voisin, ultimately building at a rate of as many as sixty per month by 1917.^[1] They also manufactured their own designs for the Russian army during World War I.^[2] Both of its factories were taken over and operated by the Soviets, until eventually being closed in 1922, after having produced 1056 aircraft in Odesa, and 50 at a second location they had opened 500 km (310 mi) away, in Simferopol, in Crimea.^[3]