Andromachi Papanikolaou

Andromachi "Mary" Mavrogeni Papanikolaou[note 1] (1890-13 October 1982) was a Greek laboratory technician and the wife of Georgios Papanikolaou, the Greek pathologist who independently invented the pap test. For 21 years, Mary Papanikolaou volunteered to have her cervix sampled and smeared by her husband to help with his efforts to create the pap test, which has been shown to reduce cervical cancer deaths by up to 80 percent.[1][2]


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  1. ^ Arbyn, M.; Anttila, A.; Jordan, J.; Ronco, G.; Schenck, U.; Segnan, N.; Wiener, H.; Herbert, A.; von Karsa, L. (March 2010). "European Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Cervical Cancer Screening. Second Edition—Summary Document". Annals of Oncology. 21 (3): 448–458. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdp471. ISSN 0923-7534. PMC 2826099. PMID 20176693.
  2. ^ Nikolaos Chatziantoniou (November–December 2014). "Lady Andromache (Mary) Papanicolaou: The Soul of Gynecological Cytopathology". Journal of the American Society of Cytopathology. 3 (6): 319–326. doi:10.1016/j.jasc.2014.08.004. PMID 31051722. Retrieved 2020-06-10.