| Anisometropia | |
|---|---|
| Pronunciation | |
| Specialty | Ophthalmology, optometry  |
| Symptoms | Eyes' refractive power differs significantly |
| Complications | Amblyopia |
| Antimetropia | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Ophthalmology, optometry |
| Symptoms | One eye has myopia and other has hyperopia |
| Complications | Amblyopia |
Anisometropia is a condition in which a person's eyes have substantially differing refractive power.[1] Generally, a difference in power of one diopter (1D) is the threshold for diagnosis of the condition.[2][3] Patients may have up to 3D of anisometropia before the condition becomes clinically significant due to headache, eye strain, double vision or photophobia.[4]
In certain types of anisometropia, the visual cortex of the brain cannot process images from both eyes simultaneously (binocular summation), but will instead suppress the central vision of one of the eyes. If this occurs too often during the first 10 years of life, while the visual cortex is developing, it can result in amblyopia, a condition where, even when correcting the refractive error properly, the person's vision in the affected eye may still not be fully correctable to 20/20.
The name of the condition comes from its four Greek components: an- "not", iso- "same", metr- "measure", ops "eye".
Antimetropia is a rare sub-type of anisometropia in which one eye is myopic (nearsighted) and the other eye is hyperopic (farsighted). This condition occurs in about 0.1% of the population.[5]
- ^ "Anisometropia - American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus". aapos.org. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
- ^ Hammond, Christopher J (2013-01-01), Hoyt, Creig S; Taylor, David (eds.), "Chapter 5 - Emmetropization, refraction and refractive errors: control of postnatal eye growth, current and developing treatments", Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (Fourth Edition), London: W.B. Saunders, pp. 31–35, doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-4691-9.00005-4, ISBN 978-0-7020-4691-9, retrieved 2022-05-02
- ^ Nunes, Amélia F; Batista, Maria; Monteiro, Pedro (2022-01-10). "Prevalence of anisometropia in children and adolescents". F1000Research. 10: 1101. doi:10.12688/f1000research.73657.3 (inactive 1 November 2024). ISSN 2046-1402. PMC 8729023. PMID 35035896.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link) - ^ Krarup, Therese Grønhøj; Nisted, Ivan; Christensen, Ulrik; Kiilgaard, Jens Folke; la Cour, Morten (June 2020). "The tolerance of anisometropia". Acta Ophthalmologica. 98 (4): 418–426. doi:10.1111/aos.14310. ISSN 1755-375X. PMID 31773911. S2CID 208321443.
- ^ Vincent, Stephen J.; Read, Scott A. (1 July 2014). "Progressive adult antimetropia". Clinical and Experimental Optometry. 97 (4): 375–378. doi:10.1111/cxo.12129. PMID 24438511.