Annapurna (mountain range)

Annapurna massif
The Annapurna massif, view from aircraft
Highest point
Peak	Annapurna
Elevation	8,091 m (26,545 ft)
Prominence	2,984 m (9,790 ft)
Isolation	33.74 km (20.97 mi)
Dimensions
Length	55 km (34 mi)
Geography
45km 30miles Nepal Pakistan China 45 42 41 40 37 36 35 32 30 28 27 23 21 20 17 15 14 12 11 10 9    The major peaks (not mountains) above 7,500 m (24,600 ft) height in Himalayas, rank identified in Himalayas alone (not the world).[1] The map may help give context to Annapurna (mountain range) with more detail and zooming on click through. Legend： 1：Mount Everest,  2：Kangchenjunga,  3：Lhotse,  4：Yalung Kang, Kanchenjunga West,  5：Makalu,  6：Kangchenjunga South,  7：Kangchenjunga Central,  8：Cho Oyu,  9：Dhaulagiri,  10：Manaslu (Kutang),  11：Nanga Parbat (Diamer) ,  12：Annapurna,  13：Shishapangma (Shishasbangma, Xixiabangma),  14：Manaslu East,  15：Annapurna East Peak,  16： Gyachung Kang,  17：Annapurna II ,  18：Tenzing Peak (Ngojumba Kang, Ngozumpa Kang, Ngojumba Ri),  19：Kangbachen,  20：Himalchuli (Himal Chuli),  21：Ngadi Chuli (Peak 29, Dakura, Dakum, Dunapurna),  22：Nuptse (Nubtse),  23：Nanda Devi,  24：Chomo Lonzo (Chomolonzo, Chomolönzo, Chomo Lönzo, Jomolönzo, Lhamalangcho),  25：Namcha Barwa (Namchabarwa),  26：Zemu Kang (Zemu Gap Peak),  27：Kamet,  28：Dhaulagiri II,  29：Ngojumba Kang II,  30：Dhaulagiri III,  31：Kumbhakarna Mountain (Mount Kumbhakarna, Jannu),  32：Gurla Mandhata (Naimona'nyi, Namu Nan) ,  33：Hillary Peak (Ngojumba Kang III),  34：Molamenqing (Phola Gangchen),  35：Dhaulagiri IV,  36：Annapurna Fang,  37：Silver Crag,  38：Kangbachen Southwest,  39：Gangkhar Puensum (Gangkar Punsum),  40：Annapurna III,  41：Himalchuli West,  42：Annapurna IV,  43：Kula Kangri,  44：Liankang Kangri (Gangkhar Puensum North, Liangkang Kangri),  45：Ngadi Chuli South
Range coordinates	28°36′50″N 83°52′20″E / 28.61389°N 83.87222°E / 28.61389; 83.87222

Annapurna (/ˌænəˈpʊərnəˌ -ˈpɜːr-/;^[2][3] Nepali: अन्नपूर्ण) is a massif in the Himalayas in north-central Nepal that includes one peak over 8,000 metres (26,247 ft), thirteen peaks over 7,000 metres (22,966 ft), and sixteen more over 6,000 metres (19,685 ft).^[4] The massif is 55 kilometres (34 mi) long, and is bounded by the Kali Gandaki Gorge on the west, the Marshyangdi River on the north and east, and by the Pokhara Valley on the south. At its western end, the massif encloses a high basin called the Annapurna Sanctuary. The highest peak of the massif, Annapurna I Main, is the 10th highest mountain in the world at 8,091 metres (26,545 ft) above sea level. Maurice Herzog led a French expedition to its summit through the north face in 1950, making it the first eight-thousander to be successfully climbed.^[5]

The name for the range comes from the Hindu deity Annapurna meaning the giver of food and nourishment due to the evergreen flowing rivers originating from this mountain range which generate greenery and support vegetation year round on the lower plains. She is also believed to be one of the daughters of Himavat, the king of the mountains.^[6]

The entire massif and surrounding area are protected within the 7,629-square-kilometre (2,946 sq mi) Annapurna Conservation Area, the first and largest conservation area in Nepal. The Annapurna Conservation Area is home to several world-class treks, including the Annapurna Sanctuary and Annapurna Circuit.

Historically, the Annapurna peaks have been among the world's most treacherous mountains to climb with the particular case of the extremely steep south face of Annapurna I Main – a wall of rock that rises 3,000 metres (9,800 feet) – making it one of the most difficult climbs in the world.^[7] By January 2022, there had been 365 summit ascents of Annapurna I Main, and 72 climbing fatalities for a fatality rate of just under 20 percent.^{[citation needed]}