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Antisemitism in Venezuela has occurred throughout the history of the Jews in Venezuela.[1] However, under the presidencies of both Hugo Chávez and Nicolás Maduro, allegations of antisemitism grew following actions and statements by the Venezuelan government, while also occurring in public incidents.[2][3][4][5][6][7] The Bolivarian government would also use the words of "Jewish" and "Zionist" interchangeably in order to avoid accusations of antisemitism.[8]
The Jewish population also declined rapidly under the Bolivarian government according to the Algemeiner Journal, with an estimated population of 22,000 in 1999, falling to under 7,000 in 2015.[9][10] Though specific leaders have used antisemitic language, Venezuela's broader history of antisemitism is not large or unusual.[9]
- ^ Krusch, David. "The Virtual Jewish World: Venezuela". Jewish Virtual Library. American–Israeli Cooperative Enterprise. Retrieved 15 January 2015.
- ^ Thor Halvorssen Mendoza (August 8, 2005). "Hurricane Hugo". The Weekly Standard. 10 (44). Archived from the original on May 20, 2011. Retrieved November 20, 2010.
- ^ Annual Report 2004: Venezuela. Archived 2006-10-23 at the Wayback Machine Stephen Roth Institute. Accessed August 11, 2006.
- ^ Berrios, Jerry. S. Fla. Venezuelans: Chavez incites anti-Semitism. Archived 2008-03-06 at the Wayback Machine Miami Herald, August 10, 2006.
- ^ Report: Anti-Semitism on Rise in Venezuela; Chavez Government 'Fosters Hate' Toward Jews and Israel. Archived 2008-09-07 at the Wayback Machine Press release, Anti-Defamation League, November 6, 2006. Accessed April 3, 2008.
- ^ The Chavez Regime: Fostering Anti-Semitism and Supporting Radical Islam. Archived 2011-06-04 at the Wayback Machine Anti-Defamation League, November 6, 2006. Accessed April 3, 2008.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
USIRFRwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b "ADL Denounces Anti-Semitic Graffiti Sprayed on Synagogue in Venezuela". Algemeiner Journal. 2 January 2015. Retrieved 4 January 2015.
- ^ Rueda, Jorge (4 December 2007). "Jewish leaders condemn police raid on community center in Venezuela". U-T San Diego. Archived from the original on 8 April 2015. Retrieved 8 April 2015.