Antoni Olechnowicz | |
|---|---|
 Antoni Olechnowicz in a Polish military uniform, possibly before 1939 | |
| Born | 13 June 1905 Margumiškis, Vilnius Governorate, Russian Empire |
| Died | 8 February 1951 (aged 45) Mokotów Prison, Warsaw, Polish People's Republic |
| Cause of death | Execution by shooting |
Antoni Olechnowicz (13 June 1905 – 8 February 1951) was a Polish military officer. A Lieutenant Colonel of the Polish Army, he took part in the September Campaign. Arrested by the Soviets, he escaped and returned to his native Vilnius, where he soon joined the Polish underground: the Service for Poland's Victory, the Union of Armed Struggle and finally the Home Army. He took part in the Operation Ostra Brama as commanding officer of the East group attacking the city of Vilnius from the direction of Naujoji Vilnia and Belmontas.
After the success of the operation and the arrest of most of the commanders of the Polish forces by the Soviet NKVD, Olechnowicz was one of the few officers to evade capture and assumed the role of the new commanding officer of the Wilno Home Army Area. In the summer of 1945 he evacuated his headquarters to Central Poland. Arrested by the communist authorities, he was sentenced to death in a show trial and buried in an unmarked grave.
During his service in the underground, he used a variety of noms de guerre, including "Meteor", "Kurkowski", "Pohorecki", "Lawicz", "Krzysztof", "Roman Wrzeski" and "Kurcewicz".