Apelin receptor

APLNR
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2LOT, 2LOU, 2LOV, 2LOW
Identifiers
Aliases	APLNR, AGTRL1, APJ, APJR, HG11, apelin receptor
External IDs	OMIM: 600052; MGI: 1346086; HomoloGene: 3784; GeneCards: APLNR; OMA:APLNR - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (human)
End	57,237,250 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 2 (mouse)
End	84,970,267 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	optic nerve; ; inferior olivary nucleus; ; dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve; ; tendon of biceps brachii; ; ventral tegmental area; ; spinal cord; ; C1 segment; ; Region I of hippocampus proper; ; myocardium of left ventricle; ; spleen;
	Top expressed in
	renal corpuscle; ; left lung lobe; ; dermis; ; medullary collecting duct; ; body of femur; ; vas deferens; ; internal carotid artery; ; primitive streak; ; digastric muscle; ; migratory enteric neural crest cell;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	G protein-coupled receptor activity; signal transducer activity; signaling receptor activity; apelin receptor activity;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; integral component of plasma membrane; membrane; plasma membrane;
Biological process	multicellular organism development; heart development; regulation of body fluid levels; gastrulation; signal transduction; G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling; positive regulation of angiogenesis; positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol; positive regulation of inhibitory G protein-coupled receptor phosphorylation; vasculogenesis; adult heart development; coronary vasculature development; positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation involved in sprouting angiogenesis; angiogenesis; blood vessel development; apelin receptor signaling pathway;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	187
	23796
	ENSG00000134817
	ENSMUSG00000044338
	P35414
	Q9WV08
	NM_005161
	NM_011784
	NP_005152
	NP_035914
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

The Apelin Receptor (APLNR, also known as APJ) is a G protein-coupled receptor.^[5] APLNR possesses two endogenous ligands which are APELIN^[6]^[7]^[8] and ELABELA.^[9]^[10] The structure of APLNR was resolved in 2017^[11]

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000134817 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000044338 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ O'Dowd BF, Heiber M, Chan A, Heng HH, Tsui LC, Kennedy JL, et al. (December 1993). "A human gene that shows identity with the gene encoding the angiotensin receptor is located on chromosome 11". Gene. 136 (1–2): 355–60. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(93)90495-O. PMID 8294032.
^ Tatemoto K, Hosoya M, Habata Y, Fujii R, Kakegawa T, Zou MX, et al. (October 1998). "Isolation and characterization of a novel endogenous peptide ligand for the human APJ receptor". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 251 (2): 471–6. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.9489. PMID 9792798.
^ Lee DK, Cheng R, Nguyen T, Fan T, Kariyawasam AP, Liu Y, et al. (January 2000). "Characterization of apelin, the ligand for the APJ receptor". Journal of Neurochemistry. 74 (1): 34–41. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0740034.x. PMID 10617103. S2CID 6548112.
^ Szokodi I, Tavi P, Földes G, Voutilainen-Myllylä S, Ilves M, Tokola H, et al. (September 2002). "Apelin, the novel endogenous ligand of the orphan receptor APJ, regulates cardiac contractility". Circulation Research. 91 (5): 434–40. doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000033522.37861.69. PMID 12215493.
^ Chng SC, Ho L, Tian J, Reversade B (December 2013). "ELABELA: a hormone essential for heart development signals via the apelin receptor". Developmental Cell. 27 (6): 672–80. doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2013.11.002. PMID 24316148.
^ Pauli A, Norris ML, Valen E, Chew GL, Gagnon JA, Zimmerman S, et al. (February 2014). "Toddler: an embryonic signal that promotes cell movement via Apelin receptors". Science. 343 (6172): 1248636. doi:10.1126/science.1248636. PMC 4107353. PMID 24407481.
^ Ma Y, Yue Y, Ma Y, Zhang Q, Zhou Q, Song Y, et al. (June 2017). "Structural Basis for Apelin Control of the Human Apelin Receptor". Structure. 25 (6): 858–866.e4. doi:10.1016/j.str.2017.04.008. PMID 28528775.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000134817 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000044338 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid8294032-5] O'Dowd BF, Heiber M, Chan A, Heng HH, Tsui LC, Kennedy JL, et al. (December 1993). "A human gene that shows identity with the gene encoding the angiotensin receptor is located on chromosome 11". Gene. 136 (1–2): 355–60. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(93)90495-O. PMID 8294032.

[pmid9792798-6] Tatemoto K, Hosoya M, Habata Y, Fujii R, Kakegawa T, Zou MX, et al. (October 1998). "Isolation and characterization of a novel endogenous peptide ligand for the human APJ receptor". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 251 (2): 471–6. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.9489. PMID 9792798.

[pmid10617103-7] Lee DK, Cheng R, Nguyen T, Fan T, Kariyawasam AP, Liu Y, et al. (January 2000). "Characterization of apelin, the ligand for the APJ receptor". Journal of Neurochemistry. 74 (1): 34–41. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0740034.x. PMID 10617103. S2CID 6548112.

[pmid12215493-8] Szokodi I, Tavi P, Földes G, Voutilainen-Myllylä S, Ilves M, Tokola H, et al. (September 2002). "Apelin, the novel endogenous ligand of the orphan receptor APJ, regulates cardiac contractility". Circulation Research. 91 (5): 434–40. doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000033522.37861.69. PMID 12215493.

[pmid24316148-9] Chng SC, Ho L, Tian J, Reversade B (December 2013). "ELABELA: a hormone essential for heart development signals via the apelin receptor". Developmental Cell. 27 (6): 672–80. doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2013.11.002. PMID 24316148.

[pmid24407481-10] Pauli A, Norris ML, Valen E, Chew GL, Gagnon JA, Zimmerman S, et al. (February 2014). "Toddler: an embryonic signal that promotes cell movement via Apelin receptors". Science. 343 (6172): 1248636. doi:10.1126/science.1248636. PMC 4107353. PMID 24407481.

[11] Ma Y, Yue Y, Ma Y, Zhang Q, Zhou Q, Song Y, et al. (June 2017). "Structural Basis for Apelin Control of the Human Apelin Receptor". Structure. 25 (6): 858–866.e4. doi:10.1016/j.str.2017.04.008. PMID 28528775.

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