Apraxia of speech

Apraxia of speech
Other namesVerbal apraxia, speech sound disorder, developmental speech sound disorder
SymptomsOral motor planning, speech delay

Apraxia of speech (AOS), also called verbal apraxia, is a speech sound disorder affecting an individual's ability to translate conscious speech plans into motor plans, which results in limited and difficult speech ability. By the definition of apraxia, AOS affects volitional (willful or purposeful) movement pattern. However, AOS usually also affects automatic speech.[1]

Individuals with AOS have difficulty connecting speech messages from the brain to the mouth.[2] AOS is a loss of prior speech ability resulting from a brain injury such as a stroke or progressive illness.

Developmental verbal dyspraxia (DVD), also known as childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) and developmental apraxia of speech (DAS),[3][4] is an inability to utilize motor planning to perform movements necessary for speech during a child's language learning process. Although the causes differ between AOS and DVD, the main characteristics and treatments are similar.[2][5]

  1. ^ West, Carolyn; Hesketh, Anne; Vail, Andy; Bowen, Audrey; West, Carolyn (2005). "Interventions for apraxia of speech following stroke". Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010 (4): CD004298. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004298.pub2. PMC 8769681. PMID 16235357.
  2. ^ a b "Apraxia of Speech". National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. National Institutes of Health. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
  3. ^ Morgan AT, Vogel AP (March 2009). "A Cochrane review of treatment for childhood apraxia of speech". Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 45 (1): 103–10. PMID 19156019.
  4. ^ Vargha-Khadem F, Gadian DG, Copp A, Mishkin M (February 2005). "FOXP2 and the neuroanatomy of speech and language" (PDF). Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 6 (2): 131–8. doi:10.1038/nrn1605. PMID 15685218. S2CID 2504002. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-03-09. Retrieved 2013-11-27.
  5. ^ Maassen, B. (Nov 2002). "Issues contrasting adult acquired versus developmental apraxia of speech". Semin Speech Lang. 23 (4): 257–66. doi:10.1055/s-2002-35804. PMID 12461725. S2CID 14047372.