Arenavirus

Arenaviridae
(A) Electron micrograph of Lassa virus, bar = 100nm (B) diagram and (C) genome of arenavirus
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Negarnaviricota
Class: Ellioviricetes
Order: Bunyavirales
Family: Arenaviridae
Genera

An arenavirus is a bi- or trisegmented ambisense RNA virus that is a member of the family Arenaviridae.[1][2] These viruses infect rodents and occasionally humans. A class of novel, highly divergent arenaviruses, properly known as reptarenaviruses, have also been discovered which infect snakes to produce inclusion body disease, mostly in boa constrictors. At least eight arenaviruses are known to cause human disease. The diseases derived from arenaviruses range in severity. Aseptic meningitis, a severe human disease that causes inflammation covering the brain and spinal cord, can arise from the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. Hemorrhagic fever syndromes, including Lassa fever, are derived from infections such as Guanarito virus, Junin virus, Lassa virus, Lujo virus,[3] Machupo virus, Sabia virus, or Whitewater Arroyo virus.[4] Because of the epidemiological association with rodents, some arenaviruses and bunyaviruses are designated as roboviruses.

  1. ^ Radoshitzky, SR; Buchmeier, MJ; Charrel, RN; Clegg, JCS; Gonzalez, JJ; Günther, S; Hepojoki, J; Kuhn, JH; Lukashevich, IS; Romanowski, V; Salvato, MS; Sironi, M; Stenglein, MD; de la Torre, JC; ICTV Report, Consortium (August 2019). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Arenaviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 100 (8): 1200–1201. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001280. hdl:10281/509719. PMID 31192784.
  2. ^ Shi, Mang; Lin, Xian-Dan; Chen, Xiao; Tian, Jun-Hua; Chen, Liang-Jun; Li, Kun; Wang, Wen; Eden, John-Sebastian; Shen, Jin-Jin; Li, Liu; Holmes, Edward C.; Zhang, Yong-Zhen (2018). "The evolutionary history of vertebrate RNA viruses". Nature. 561 (7722): 202. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0310-0. PMID 29946168. S2CID 49433735.
  3. ^ Briese T, Paweska JT, McMullan LK, et al. (May 2009). "Genetic detection and characterization of Lujo virus, a new hemorrhagic fever-associated arenavirus from southern Africa". PLOS Pathog. 5 (5): e1000455. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000455. PMC 2680969. PMID 19478873.
  4. ^ Botten, J; Whitton, JL; Barrowman, P; Sidney, J; Whitmire, JK; Alexander, J; Kotturi, MF; Sette, A; Buchmeier, MJ (2010). "A Multivalent Vaccination Strategy for the Prevention of Old World Arenavirus Infection in Humans". Journal of Virology. 84 (19): 9947–56. doi:10.1128/JVI.00672-10. PMC 2937778. PMID 20668086.