Argentine Confederation

Argentine Confederation Confederación Argentina (Spanish)
1831–1861
Federal Pact flag Coat of arms
Motto:  "En unión y libertad" ("In Unity and Freedom")
Anthem: Argentine National Anthem (1813) "National Argentine Anthem"
Map of the Argentine Confederation (and its bordering countries) around 1846. Areas of ineffective control are shown in lighter green.
Capital	Buenos Aires (1831–1853) Paraná (1853–1861)
Common languages	Spanish
Government	Confederation
Governor/President
• 1835–1852	Juan Manuel de Rosas (Governor of Buenos Aires Province, in charge of the Foreign Relations of the Confederation)
• 1852–1860	Justo José de Urquiza (President of the Argentine Confederation, 1854–1860)
• 1860–1861	Santiago Derqui (President of the Argentine Confederation, 1860–1861)
History
• Federal Pact	4 January 1831
• French blockade of the Río de la Plata	1838–1840
• Anglo-French blockade of the Río de la Plata	1845–1850
• Battle of Caseros	3 February 1852
• State of Buenos Aires secession	11 September 1852
• Battle of Cepeda	23 October 1859
• Battle of Pavón	17 September 1861
• Establishment of the Argentine Republic	12 December 1861
Population
• 1845	1,000,000
Currency	Argentine Peso
Preceded by Succeeded by United Provinces of the Río de la Plata Argentine Republic State of Buenos Aires

The Argentine Confederation (Spanish: Confederación Argentina) was the last predecessor state of modern Argentina; its name is still one of the official names of the country according to the Argentine Constitution, Article 35.^[1] It was the name of the country from 1831 to 1852, when the provinces were organized as a confederation without a head of state. The governor of Buenos Aires Province (Juan Manuel de Rosas during most of the period) managed foreign relations during this time. Under his rule, the Argentine Confederation engaged in conflicts with Brazil, Bolivia, Uruguay, France and the United Kingdom, as well as other Argentine factions during the Argentine Civil Wars.

Rosas was ousted from power in 1852 by Justo José de Urquiza, after the battle of Caseros. Urquiza convened the 1853 Constituent Assembly to write a national constitution. Buenos Aires resisted Urquiza and seceded from the Confederation in 1852, becoming the State of Buenos Aires; the province would return to Argentina in 1861.^[2]