Armand Hammer | |
|---|---|
 Hammer in 1982 | |
| Born | May 21, 1898 New York City, U.S. |
| Died | December 10, 1990 (aged 92) Los Angeles, California, U.S. |
| Alma mater | Columbia University (B.A., 1919; M.D., 1921) |
| Occupation | Business magnate |
| Spouses | Angela Carey Zevely (div. 1954)Frances Barrett Tolman
(m. 1956; died 1989) |
| Children | Julian Armand Hammer |
| Relatives |
|
Armand Hammer (May 21, 1898[1]: 16 – December 10, 1990) was an American business manager and owner. He spent decades with Occidental Petroleum in the mid 20th century.[2] Called "Lenin's chosen capitalist" by the press, he was also known for his art collection and his close ties to the Soviet Union.[3][4][5]
Hammer's business interests around the world and his "citizen diplomacy" helped him cultivate a wide network of friends and associates.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Untoldwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "History of Occidental Petroleum Corporation". FundingUniverse. Archived from the original on September 25, 2018. Retrieved August 31, 2014.
- ^ Epstein 1996, p. 9.
- ^ "Lenin's capitalist friend". The Economist. No. 6558. London. May 3, 1969. p. 76.
- ^ "Deal-maker Armand Hammer Moscow's capitalist comrade". Christian Science Monitor. July 3, 1980. ISSN 0882-7729. Archived from the original on January 19, 2021. Retrieved November 7, 2021.