| Aryldialkylphosphatase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC no. | 3.1.8.1 | ||||||||
| CAS no. | 117698-12-1 | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
| Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Aryldialkylphosphatase (EC 3.1.8.1, also known as phosphotriesterase, organophosphate hydrolase, parathion hydrolase, paraoxonase, and parathion aryl esterase; systematic name aryltriphosphate dialkylphosphohydrolase) is a metalloenzyme that hydrolyzes the triester linkage[1] found in organophosphate insecticides:
| Phosphotriesterase family | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Structure of organophosphorus hydrolase | |||||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||||
| Symbol | PTE | ||||||||||
| Pfam | PF02126 | ||||||||||
| InterPro | IPR001559 | ||||||||||
| PROSITE | PDOC01026 | ||||||||||
| SCOP2 | 1dpm / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||||
| |||||||||||
- an aryl dialkyl phosphate + H2O dialkyl phosphate + an aryl alcohol
The gene (opd, for organophosphate-degrading) that codes for the enzyme is found in a large plasmid (pSC1, 51Kb) endogenous to Pseudomonas diminuta,[2] although the gene has also been found in many other bacterial species such as Flavobacterium sp. (ATCC27551), where it is also encoded in an extrachromosomal element (pSM55, 43Kb).[2]
Organophosphate is the general name for esters of phosphoric acid and is one of the organophosphorus compounds. They can be found as part of insecticides, herbicides, and nerve gases, amongst others. Some less-toxic organophosphates can be used as solvents, plasticizers, and EP additives. The use of organophosphates accounts for approximately 38% of all pesticide use globally.[3]
- ^ Pinjari AB, Pandey JP, Kamireddy S, Siddavattam D (July 2013). "Expression and subcellular localization of organophosphate hydrolase in acephate-degrading Pseudomonas sp. strain Ind01 and its use as a potential biocatalyst for elimination of organophosphate insecticides". Letters in Applied Microbiology. 57 (1): 63–8. doi:10.1111/lam.12080. PMID 23574004. S2CID 12006833.
- ^ a b Harper LL, McDaniel CS, Miller CE, Wild JR (October 1988). "Dissimilar plasmids isolated from Pseudomonas diminuta MG and a Flavobacterium sp. (ATCC 27551) contain identical opd genes". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 54 (10): 2586–9. Bibcode:1988ApEnM..54.2586H. doi:10.1128/AEM.54.10.2586-2589.1988. PMC 204325. PMID 3202637.
- ^ Singh BK (February 2009). "Organophosphorus-degrading bacteria: ecology and industrial applications". Nature Reviews. Microbiology. 7 (2): 156–64. doi:10.1038/nrmicro2050. PMID 19098922. S2CID 205497513.