As low as reasonably practicable

As low as reasonably practicable (ALARP), or as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA), is a principle in the regulation and management of safety-critical and safety-involved systems.[1][2] The principle is that the residual risk shall be reduced as far as reasonably practicable. In UK and NZ Health and safety law, it is equivalent to so far as is reasonably practicable (SFAIRP). In the US, ALARA is used in the regulation of radiation risks.

For a risk to be ALARP, it must be possible to demonstrate that the cost involved in reducing the risk further would be grossly disproportionate to the benefit gained.[3] The ALARP principle arises from the fact that infinite time, effort and money could be spent in the attempt of reducing a risk to zero; not the fact that reducing the risk in half would require a finite time, effort and money. It should not be understood as simply a quantitative measure of benefit against detriment. It is more a best common practice of judgement of the balance of risk and societal benefit.

  1. ^ "ALARP Guidance Note" (PDF). Commonwealth Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage (Safety) Regulations 2009. NOPSEMA. June 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 June 2016. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
  2. ^ "ALARP Guidance". UK Health and Safety Executive. Archived from the original on 28 October 2020. Retrieved 29 June 2007.
  3. ^ "Reasonably Practicable" (PDF). WorkSafe New Zealand. March 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2016. Retrieved 7 October 2016.