Aspen parkland

Aspen parkland
Aspen parkland
	Aspen parkland near Calgary, Alberta
	Aspen parkland within Canada
Ecology
Realm	Nearctic
Biome	Temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Borders	List Alberta-British Columbia foothills forests; Central British Columbia Mountain forests; Mid-Continental Canadian forests; Montana Valley and Foothill grasslands; Muskwa-Slave Lake forests; North Central Rockies forests; Northern Cordillera forests; Northern mixed grasslands; Northern tall grasslands; Western Great Lakes forests;
Bird species	206
Mammal species	72
Geography
Area	397,304 km2 (153,400 sq mi)
Countries	Canada; United States;
States/Provinces	British Columbia; Alberta; Saskatchewan; Manitoba; North Dakota; Minnesota;
Climate type	Humid continental (Dfb)
Conservation
Conservation status	Critical/Endangered
Habitat loss	63.76%
Protected	2.95%

Aspen parkland refers to a very large area of transitional biome between prairie and boreal forest in two sections, namely the Peace River Country of northwestern Alberta crossing the border into British Columbia, and a much larger area stretching from central Alberta, all across central Saskatchewan to south central Manitoba and continuing into small parts of the US states of Minnesota and North Dakota. ^[3] Aspen parkland consists of groves of aspen, poplar and spruce, interspersed with areas of prairie grasslands, also intersected by large stream and river valleys lined with aspen-spruce forests and dense shrubbery. This is the largest boreal-grassland transition zone in the world and is a zone of constant competition and tension as prairie and woodlands struggle to overtake each other within the parkland.^[4]

This article focuses on this biome in North America. Similar biomes also exist in Russia north of the steppes (forest steppe) and in northern Canada.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Hoekstra, J. M.; Molnar, J. L.; Jennings, M.; Revenga, C.; Spalding, M. D.; Boucher, T. M.; Robertson, J. C.; Heibel, T. J.; Ellison, K. (2010). Molnar, J. L. (ed.). The Atlas of Global Conservation: Changes, Challenges, and Opportunits to Make a Difference. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-26256-0.
^ Cite error: The named reference WWFinfo was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "Tallgrass Aspen Parklands Province".
^ Sarah Carter (1999). Aboriginal People and Colonizers of Western Canada to 1900. University of Toronto Press. p. 19. ISBN 0-8020-7995-4. Retrieved 2016-05-14.

[Atlas-1] Hoekstra, J. M.; Molnar, J. L.; Jennings, M.; Revenga, C.; Spalding, M. D.; Boucher, T. M.; Robertson, J. C.; Heibel, T. J.; Ellison, K. (2010). Molnar, J. L. (ed.). The Atlas of Global Conservation: Changes, Challenges, and Opportunits to Make a Difference. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-26256-0.

[WWFinfo-2] Cite error: The named reference WWFinfo was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[3] "Tallgrass Aspen Parklands Province".

[4] Sarah Carter (1999). Aboriginal People and Colonizers of Western Canada to 1900. University of Toronto Press. p. 19. ISBN 0-8020-7995-4. Retrieved 2016-05-14.

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