Autolysin

Autolysins are endogenous lytic enzymes that break down the peptidoglycan components of biological cells which enables the separation of daughter cells following cell division.[1][2][3][4][5] They are involved in cell growth, cell wall metabolism, cell division and separation, as well as peptidoglycan turnover and have similar functions to lysozymes.[6]

Autolysin is formed from the precursor gene, Atl. Amidases (EC 3.5.1.28), gametolysin (EC 3.4.24.38), and glucosaminidase are considered as types of autolysins.[4][6]

  1. ^ Jaenicke L, Kuhne W, Spessert R, Wahle U, Waffenschmidt S (December 1987). "Cell-wall lytic enzymes (autolysins) of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are (hydroxy)proline-specific proteases". European Journal of Biochemistry. 170 (1–2): 485–491. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1987.tb13725.x. PMID 3319620.
  2. ^ Buchanan MJ, Imam SH, Eskue WA, Snell WJ (January 1989). "Activation of the cell wall degrading protease, lysin, during sexual signalling in Chlamydomonas: the enzyme is stored as an inactive, higher relative molecular mass precursor in the periplasm". The Journal of Cell Biology. 108 (1): 199–207. doi:10.1083/jcb.108.1.199. PMC 2115355. PMID 2910877.
  3. ^ Matsuda Y (1998). "Gametolysin". In Barrett AJ, Rawlings ND, Woessner JF (eds.). Handbook of Proteolytic Enzymes. London: Academic Press. pp. 1140–1143.
  4. ^ a b Clarke AJ (September 2018). "The "hole" story of predatory outer-membrane vesicles". Canadian Journal of Microbiology. 64 (9): 589–599. doi:10.1139/cjm-2017-0466. PMID 30169125.
  5. ^ Porayath C, Suresh MK, Biswas R, Nair BG, Mishra N, Pal S (April 2018). "Autolysin mediated adherence of Staphylococcus aureus with Fibronectin, Gelatin and Heparin". International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 110: 179–184. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.047. PMC 5864509. PMID 29398086.
  6. ^ a b Smith TJ, Blackman SA, Foster SJ (February 2000). "Autolysins of Bacillus subtilis: multiple enzymes with multiple functions". Microbiology. 146 ( Pt 2) (2): 249–262. doi:10.1099/00221287-146-2-249. PMID 10708363.