α-Avoparcin (R=H)
β-Avoparcin (R=Cl) | |
Identifiers | |
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3D model (JSmol)
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ChEMBL |
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ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.048.588 |
E number | E715 (antibiotics) |
KEGG |
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PubChem CID
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UNII |
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Properties | |
C89H102ClN9O36 (α) C89H101Cl2N9O36 (β) | |
Molar mass | 1909.254 (α) 1943.699 (β) |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Avoparcin is a glycopeptide antibiotic effective against Gram-positive bacteria. It has been used in agriculture as an additive to livestock feed to promote growth in chickens, pigs, and cattle.[1] It is also used as an aid in the prevention of necrotic enteritis in poultry.[1]
Avoparcin is a mixture of two closely related chemical compounds, known as α-avoparcin and β-avoparcin, which differ by the presence of an additional chlorine atom in β-avoparcin. Avoparcin also shares a chemical similarity with vancomycin. Because of this similarity, concern exists that widespread use of avoparcin in animals may lead to an increased prevalence of vancomycin-resistant strains of bacteria.[2][3][4][5]
Avoparcin was once widely used in Australia and the European Union, but it is currently not permitted in either.[1][6]
Streptomyces candidus was found to produce avoparcin.[7]