Ethnic group
The Bakarwal, (also spelled Bakkarwal or Bakrawala ) are a nomadic ethnic group primarily found in the regions of Jammu and Kashmir , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Ladakh and Punjab .[ 1] [ 2] [ 3] They along with Gujjars , have been listed as Scheduled Tribes in states such as Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh since 1991.[ 4] [ 5] The Bakarwals and Gujjars are the largest Muslim tribes and collectively form the third-largest ethnic community in the Indian-administered region of Jammu and Kashmir .[ 6] [ 5] [ 7]
They spread over a large area from Pir Panjal to Zanskar located in the Himalayan mountains of India.[ 8] [ 9] [ 10]
^ Taylor, Natalie (9 September 2020). "Pakistan's centuries-old Bakarwal community faces dual threat" . Dialogue Earth . Retrieved 29 September 2024 .
^ Faraz, Shabina (10 September 2020). "Pakistan's centuries-old Bakarwal community faces dual threat" . dawn.com . Retrieved 29 September 2024 .
^ Rafiq, Arshed (11 July 2018). "Nomadic life: A struggle against climate change and authorities" . Daily Times Pakistan . Retrieved 11 July 2018 .
^ Bamzai, Sandeep (6 August 2016). "Kashmir: No algorithm for Azadi" . Orf . Observer Research Foundation. Archived from the original on 10 August 2016.
^ a b "Life turns into misery for occupied Kashmir's Bakarwal tribe" . dawn.com . 24 September 2022. Retrieved 29 September 2024 .
^ "History & politics of systematic marginalization of Gujjar-Bakerwal tribe: A Subaltern Narrative" . 3 December 2022.
^ Javid, Shahid; Muthukumar, Dr J. (8 February 2024). "Cultural And Traditional Life Of Gujjar And Bakarwal Tribes Of Jammu And Kashmir" . Migration Letters . 21 (S1): 1097–1105. ISSN 1741-8992 .
^ Khatana, Ram Parshad (1992). Tribal Migration in Himalayan Frontiers: Study of Gujjar Bakarwal Transhumance Economy . Gurgaon , India: South Asia Books (Vintage Books). ISBN 978-81-85326-46-7 .
^ Sharma, Anita (2009). The Bakkarwals Of Jammu And Kashmir: Navigating Through Nomadism . Delhi , India: Niyogi Books . ISBN 978-81-89738-48-8 .
^ "Fenced out: pastoral lives of Bakarwals" . People's Archive of Rural India . 9 January 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2024 .