A barrier cream is a topical formulation used in industrial applications and as a cosmetic to place a physical barrier between the skin and contaminants that may irritate the skin (contact dermatitis or occupational dermatitis).[1] There are many other terms for creams designed to protect skin from harmful substances, including skin protective creams, pre-work creams, antisolvent gels, protective ointments,[2] and shielding lotions.[3] Three classes of barrier creams are used: water repellent creams, water-soluble creams, and creams designed for special applications.[4] Barrier creams may contain substances such as zinc oxide, talc or kaolin to layer over the skin.[5] For hand care they are designed to protect against the harm from detergents and other irritants.[6]
The efficacy of barrier creams is controversial.[5] They have not been demonstrated to be useful in preventing hand eczema.[7] A 2018 Cochrane review concluded that the use of moisturizers alone or in combination with barrier creams may result in important protective effects for the prevention of Occupational Irritant Hand Dermatitis (OIHD).[1] They are a poor substitute for protective clothing for workers.[8] Gloves provide a greater protection than barrier creams.[9] However they are reasonably effective for the protection of the face against some airborne substances.[8]
Some evidence suggests that improper use of barrier cream could cause a harmful rather than a beneficial effect.[6] Skin that has been moisturized by barrier cream may be more susceptible to irritation by sodium lauryl sulfate, which can permeate hydrated skin more easily because of its hydrophilia.[5] Barrier creams that contain petroleum jelly or certain oils may cause rubber or latex gloves to deteriorate.[5]
BC are also called 'skin protective creams' (SPCs) or 'protective creams' as well as 'protective ointments', 'invisible glove', 'barrier', 'protective', or 'prework' creams and gels (lotions), 'antisolvent' gels, and so on. Kresken and Klotz (2003) believe that the term 'invisible glove' is incorrect and it might mislead the user. Frosch et al. (1993a) consider SPC a more appropriate terminology since most creams do not provide a real barrier, at least not comparable to stratum corneum. We utilize BC here because this term is in general usage in industry.
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