^Contemporary Authors, A bio-bibliographical guide to current writers in fiction, general nonfiction, poetry, journalism, drama, motion pictures, television, and other fields, Volumes 25-28, 1st revision. Detroit: Gale Research (1977)
^Contemporary Authors, New Revision Series. A bio-bibliographical guide to current writers in fiction, general nonfiction, poetry, journalism, drama, motion pictures, television, and other fields. Volume 16. Detroit: Gale Research (1986)
^Contemporary Authors. A bio-bibliographical guide to current writers in fiction, general nonfiction, poetry, journalism, drama, motion pictures, television, and other fields, Volume 163. Detroit: Gale Research (1998)
^International Who's Who in Music and Musicians' Directory. Ninth edition, edited by Adrian Gaster, Cambridge, England: International Who's Who in Music (1980)
^The New York Times Biographical Service, A compilation of current biographical information of general interest, Volume 28, Numbers 1- 12, Ann Arbor, MI: UMI Co. (1997)