Battle of Ain Dara

Battle of Ain Dara
	Part of the Qays–Yaman rivalry
Date	20 March 1711
Location	Ain Dara, Sidon Eyalet, Ottoman Empire
Result	Qaysi victory Qaysi political dominance of Mount Lebanon; Yamani Druze exodus to Jabal al-Druze;
Belligerents
Qaysi faction Shihab dynasty; Jumblatt clan of Chouf; Talhuq clan of Gharb; Nakad clan of Manasif and Shahhar; Imad clan of Arqub; Abd al-Malik clan of Jurd; Abu'l Lama clan of Matn; Khazen clan of Keserwan; Supported by: Harfush clan;	Yamani faction Alam al-Din clan; Arslan clan of Gharb; Sawaf clan of Matn; Supported by: Ottoman governors of Sidon and Damascus;
Commanders and leaders
Emir Haydar Shihab ; Sheikh Ali Jumblatt ; Muhammad Talhuq ; Sheikh Ali Abi Nakad ; Sayyid Ahmad Imad ; Janbulat Abd al-Malik ; Khazen al-Khazen ; Qabalan al-Qadi al-Tanukhi	Mahmoud Abu Harmoush (POW) ; Alam al-Din emirs † ; Bashir Pasha al-Matarji ; Nasuh Pasha Aydinli
Casualties and losses
N/A	Heavy

The Battle of Ain Dara occurred in the village of Ain Dara, in Mount Lebanon in 1711, between the Qaysi and Yamani, two rival tribo-political factions.^[1]

The Qays were led by Emir Haydar of the Shihab dynasty and consisted of the Druze clans of Jumblatt, Imad, Nakad Talhuq, and Abd al-Malik and the Maronite clan of Khazen. The Yamani faction was led by Mahmoud Abu Harmoush and consisted of the Druze Alam al-Din, Arslan and Sawaf clans. The Yamani faction also had backing from the Ottoman provincial authorities of Sidon and Damascus.

The battle ended in a rout of the Yamani faction and resulted in the consolidation of Qaysi political and fiscal domination over Mount Lebanon.^[1] The battle's outcome also precipitated a mass migration of pro-Yamani Druze nobility and peasants from Mount Lebanon to the eastern Hauran, in a mountainous area today known as Jabal al-Druze, solidifying the Maronite Christian population as the predominant populace in Mount Lebanon.^[1]

^ ^a ^b ^c Najem, Tom; Amore, Roy C.; Abu Khalil, As'ad (2021). Historical Dictionary of Lebanon. Historical Dictionaries of Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East (2nd ed.). Lanham Boulder New York London: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 50. ISBN 978-1-5381-2043-9.

[:102-1] Najem, Tom; Amore, Roy C.; Abu Khalil, As'ad (2021). Historical Dictionary of Lebanon. Historical Dictionaries of Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East (2nd ed.). Lanham Boulder New York London: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 50. ISBN 978-1-5381-2043-9.

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