Battle of Bang Bo (Zhennan Pass)

Battle of Bang Bo (Zhennan Pass)
	Part of the Tonkin Campaign, Sino-French War
	; Chinese fortifications at Zhennan Pass
Date	24 March 1885
Location	north of Lạng Sơn, Vietnam
Result	Chinese victory
Belligerents
France	China ; Black Flag Army
Commanders and leaders
François Oscar de Négrier (WIA); Paul-Gustave Herbinger; Lieutenant Colonel Godart; Lieutenant Colonel Donnier; Lieutenant Colonel Schoeffer; Captain Roperh; Captain de Saxcé; Captain Martin; Captain Patrick Cotter †; Captain Brunet †	Pan Dingxin ; Feng Zicai ; Wang Debang ; Wang Xiaochi（王孝祺） ; Su Yuanchun ; Chen Jia (陈嘉) ; Jiang Zonghan（蔣宗汉） ; Fang Yousheng (方友升) ; Wei Gang（魏刚）
Strength
2,137 men	30,000 men
Casualties and losses
74 killed; 213 wounded	1,650 killed or wounded

The Battle of Bang Bo, known in China as the Battle of Zhennan Pass (Chinese: 鎮南關之役), was a major Chinese victory during the Sino-French War (August 1884 – April 1885). The battle, fought on 23 and 24 March 1885 on the Tonkin-Guangxi border, saw the defeat of 1,500 soldiers of General François de Négrier's 2nd Brigade of the Tonkin Expeditionary Corps by a Chinese army under the command of the Guangxi military commissioner Pan Dingxin (潘鼎新).^[8]

The battle set the scene for the French retreat from Lạng Sơn on 28 March and the conclusion of the Sino-French War in early April in circumstances of considerable embarrassment for France.

^ John King Fairbank; Kwang-Ching Liu; Denis Crispin Twitchett, eds. (1980). Late Ch'ing, 1800–1911. Vol. 11, Part 2 of The Cambridge History of China Series (illustrated ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 251. ISBN 0-521-22029-7. Retrieved 18 January 2012. In 1885, the Chinese defeated French forces at Chen-nan-kuan on the China-Annam border (23 March), and went on to recapture the important city of Langson and other points in Annam during the next two weeks. In the eyes of some, China was on the verge of victory when peace negotiations forced the cessation of hostilitties on 4 April 1885.
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 13 October 2004. Retrieved 13 October 2004.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^ "蘇元春-中文百科在線". Archived from the original on 11 August 2016. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
^ "清朝抗法英雄---苏元春".
^ "苏元春——清朝官员曾"蒙冤受诬"". Archived from the original on 24 June 2016. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e 蔡晨著、指文烽火工作室編，《戰爭事典：036》，《詳解中法戰爭之鎮南關大捷》章
^ Clodfelter 2008, p. 257.
^ Armengaud, 40–58; Bonifacy, 23–6; Harmant, 211–35; Lecomte, 428–53 and 455; Maury, 185–203; Notes, 32–40

[Late_Ch'ing,_1800–1911-1] John King Fairbank; Kwang-Ching Liu; Denis Crispin Twitchett, eds. (1980). Late Ch'ing, 1800–1911. Vol. 11, Part 2 of The Cambridge History of China Series (illustrated ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 251. ISBN 0-521-22029-7. Retrieved 18 January 2012. In 1885, the Chinese defeated French forces at Chen-nan-kuan on the China-Annam border (23 March), and went on to recapture the important city of Langson and other points in Annam during the next two weeks. In the eyes of some, China was on the verge of victory when peace negotiations forced the cessation of hostilitties on 4 April 1885.

[2] "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 13 October 2004. Retrieved 13 October 2004.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[3] "蘇元春-中文百科在線". Archived from the original on 11 August 2016. Retrieved 2 June 2016.

[4] "清朝抗法英雄---苏元春".

[5] "苏元春——清朝官员曾"蒙冤受诬"". Archived from the original on 24 June 2016. Retrieved 2 June 2016.

[蔡晨-6] 蔡晨著、指文烽火工作室編，《戰爭事典：036》，《詳解中法戰爭之鎮南關大捷》章

[FOOTNOTEClodfelter2008257-7] Clodfelter 2008, p. 257.

[8] Armengaud, 40–58; Bonifacy, 23–6; Harmant, 211–35; Lecomte, 428–53 and 455; Maury, 185–203; Notes, 32–40

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