Battle of Brienne

Battle of Brienne
Part of the Campaign of France of the Sixth Coalition
Napoleon was nearly taken by the Cossacks after the battle, but was saved by French general Gaspard Gourgaud.
Date 29 Junary [O.S. 17 Junary] 1814[1] Location Brienne-le-Château, French Empire 48°23′29″N 04°31′15″E / 48.39139°N 4.52083°E / 48.39139; 4.52083 Result See aftermath
Belligerents
France	Prussia Russia
Commanders and leaders
Napoleon Bonaparte Michel Ney Claude Victor-Perrin Auguste Marmont	Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher Fabian von Osten-Sacken Zakhar Olsufiev
Strength
36,000[1]	28,000–30,000[1]
Casualties and losses
3,000[1]–3,500 killed, wounded, or captured 8–11 guns lost	3,000[1]–4,000 killed, wounded, or captured
class=notpageimage| Location within France

War of the Sixth Coalition:
Campaign in north-east France

200km
125miles

Paris

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Bar-sur-Aube

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  current battle

  Napoleon in command

  Napoleon not in command

The Battle of Brienne (29 January 1814) saw an Imperial French army led by Emperor Napoleon attack Prussian and Russian forces commanded by Prussian Field Marshal Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher. After heavy fighting that went on into the night, the French seized a château, nearly capturing Blücher. However, the French were unable to dislodge the Russians from the town of Brienne-le-Château. Napoleon himself, making his first appearance on a battlefield in 1814, was also nearly captured. Very early the next morning, Blücher's troops quietly abandoned the town and retreated to the south, conceding the field to the French.

In late December 1813, two Allied armies initially numbering 300,000 men smashed through France's weak defenses and moved west. By late January, Napoleon personally took the field to lead his armies. The French emperor hoped to cripple Blücher's army before it could combine with the main Allied army under Austrian field marshal Karl Philipp, Prince of Schwarzenberg. Napoleon's gamble failed, and Blücher escaped to join Schwarzenberg. Three days later, the two Allied armies combined their 120,000 men and attacked Napoleon in the Battle of La Rothière.