Battle of Nadaun

Battle of Nadaun
Part of the Mughal–Rajput wars

Illustrated folio from a Dasam Granth manuscript depicting the Battle of Nadaun (Hussaini Yudh) between Sikh and Mughal forces, ca.1870
Datec. 1691[1][2]
Location
Nadaun
Result Bilaspur State victory[3][4]
Belligerents

Bilaspur State

Under Assistance of:

Akal Sena (Sikhs)		 Mughal Empire
Kangra State
Bijarwal State
Commanders and leaders

Bhim Chand Chandel
Parmanand Pandit

Guru Gobind Rai
Dayaram Pandit		 Aurangzeb
Hussaini Khan
Wazir Khan
Alif Khan
Mian Khan
Kirpal Chand Katoch
Dayal Chand

The Battle of Nadaun, alternatively known as the Hussaini Yudh[5][6][7][8], was fought at Nadaun, between Raja Bhim Chand of Bilaspur (Kahlur) and the Mughals under Alif Khan. Bhim Chand was supported by Guru Gobind Singh (the tenth Sikh Guru) and the Mughals were supported by other hill chieftains, notably Kirpal Chand from Kangra and Dayal Chand from Bijharwal.[9] Bhim Chand and some hill chieftains, after conclusion of Battle of Bhangani had refused to pay tribute to the Mughal emperor which led to the battle at Nadaun.[10] The battle resulted in the victory of Bilaspur State and Sikh alliance.[11]

Different authors give the date of the battle variously as 1687,[12][13] 1689,[14][15] 1690,[16] 20 March 1691,[17] and 4 April 1691.[18]

Bichitra Natak, considered to be the autobiography of Guru Gobind Singh, is one of the major sources of information about the battle. However, its authorship is disputed by some scholars.

  1. ^ Jacques, Tony (2006). Dictionary of Battles and Sieges. Greenwood Press. p. 704. ISBN 978-0-313-33536-5. Archived from the original on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  2. ^ Jacques, p. 704
  3. ^ Singh, Kartar (1967). Guru Gobind Singh and the Mughals. Chandigarh: Guru Gobind Singh Foundation. p. 55. OCLC 49259.
  4. ^ Raj Pal Singh (2004). The Sikhs : Their Journey Of Five Hundred Years. Pentagon Press. p. 35. ISBN 9788186505465.
  5. ^ Kaur, Madanjit. "Guru Gobind Singh and His Mission". Institute of Sikh Studies, Chandigarh (sikhinstitute.org). Retrieved 27 February 2023. In the Dasam Granth this battle is referred to as the Hussaini Yudh after the name of the Mughal commander Hussain Khan who was heading the Mughal troops.
  6. ^ Kaur, Madanjit (2007). Guru Gobind Singh : historical and ideological perspective. Chandigarh, India: Unistar Books. p. 6. ISBN 978-81-89899-55-4. OCLC 294940899.
  7. ^ Singh, Teja; Singh, Ganda (1950). A Short History of the Sikhs: 1496-1765. Orient Longmans. p. 65.
  8. ^ Kaur, Daljit (2003). A Case Study of Khanzada Expedition and Hussaini Yudh against Guru Gobind Singh - Punjab History Conference, thirty-fifth session, March 6-8, 2003 : proceedings, English & Punjabi. Sukhadiāla Siṅgha, Punjabi University. Department of Punjab Historical Studies. Patiala: Publication Bureau, Punjab University. p. 95. ISBN 81-7380-885-6. OCLC 63386918.
  9. ^ J.S. Grewal (2019). Guru Gobind Singh (1666–1708). OUP India. p. 62. ISBN 9780190990381.
  10. ^ Singh, Raj Pal (2003). The Sikhs: Their Journey of Five Hundred Years. Bhavana Books & Prints. ISBN 978-81-86505-46-5.
  11. ^ Singh, Kartar (1967). Guru Gobind Singh and the Mughals. Chandigarh: Guru Gobind Singh Foundation. p. 55. OCLC 49259.
  12. ^ Malik, Arjan Dass (1975). An Indian guerilla war : the Sikh peoples war, 1699-1768. New York: Wiley. p. 22. ISBN 978-0-470-56576-6. OCLC 1339733.
  13. ^ Johar, Srinder Singh (1976). The Sikh gurus and their shrines. Vivek Pub. Co. p. 87. OCLC 164789879. A fierce battle was fought at Nadaun in 1687.
  14. ^ Mansukhani, Gobind Singh (1965). The Quintessence of Sikhism. Amritsar: Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee. p. 46. OCLC 2654849.
  15. ^ Seetal, Sohan Singh (1968). Prophet of Man, Guru Gobind Singh. Ludhiana: Seetal Pustak Bhandar. p. 179. OCLC 115772. This battle of Nadaun was fought in November, 1689.
  16. ^ Singh, Gopal (1979). A History of the Sikh People, 1469-1978. New Delhi: World Sikh University Press. p. 275. OCLC 6330455. This is known as the battle of Nadaun and was fought probably late in 1690
  17. ^ Avinash Dani (7 November 1999). "Little-known gurdwara of Nadaun". Sunday Reading. The Tribune. Retrieved 6 December 2007.
  18. ^ "Temples in the District: Gurudwara sahib Nadaun". NIC Hamirpur. Archived from the original on 20 December 2007. Retrieved 6 December 2007.