| Battle of Round Mountain | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War | |||||||||
 2017 re-enactment of the Battle of Round Mountain, at the disputed battle site near Yale, Oklahoma | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
| Loyal Indians |
 Confederate States of America | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
| Opothleyahola | Douglas H. Cooper | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
| Unknown | 1,400 men | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| 110 casualties |
6 fatalities 4 wounded 1 missing | ||||||||
The Battle of Round Mountain was the first battle in the Trail of Blood on Ice campaign for the control of Indian Territory during the American Civil War that occurred on November 19, 1861.[1] Its main purpose was to prevent Union supporters of the Creek Nation, led by Opothleyahola from fleeing Indian Territory to the protection of Union forces in Kansas. [a]
The physical location of the battle is in dispute. Some historians believe it to be near Keystone while others contend that it is near Yale, Oklahoma. The event is sometimes referred to as the Battle of Red Fork.[3][4]
- ^ On this date in Civil War history: November 19, 1861 - The Battle of Round Mountain (150th Anniversary)
- ^ Trickett, Dean. "The Civil War in Indian Territory 1861." Chronicles of Oklahoma History. Vol. 18, No. 2. June 1940. p. 150. Accessed August 8, 2016.
- ^ Debo, Angie. "The Site of the Battle of Round Mountain, 1861". Chronicles of Oklahoma. Vol. XXVII, No. 2 (Summer, 1949) pp. 187-206. Archived 2011-05-23 at the Wayback Machine Accessed August 5, 2016.
- ^ Williams, Chad. "Battle of Round Mountain" Archived 2010-01-07 at the Wayback Machine Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. Accessed August 16, 2016.
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