Bibi Khanoom Astarabadi | |
|---|---|
بی بی خانم استرآبادی | |
 | |
| Born | 1858/59 |
| Died | 1921 |
| Occupation(s) | Writer, activist, satirist, educator, school founder |
| Movement | Women's movement of Iran, democracy activist |
| Spouse | Musa Khan Vaziri |
| Children | 7, including Ali-Naqi Vaziri, Khadijeh Afzal Vaziri |
| Relatives | Mahlagha Mallah (granddaughter), Hossein Ali Mallah (grandson) |
Bibi Khanoom Astarabadi[1][2] (Persian: بی بی خانم استرآبادی, romanized: Bibi Khānoom Astarābādi) (1858/59 – 1921) was a notable Iranian writer, satirist, and one of the pioneering figures in the women's movement of Iran.
- ^ Bibi (بی بی) means Matron, "a married woman especially one characterized by dignity, staid discreet behaviour, and plump motherly appearance" (OED), Venerable lady or Grandmother. Khatoon (خاتون) is a variant of the word Khanoom (خانوم), or Khanom (خانم). Any one of these three words (in particular the latter one) is often added to a woman's name in token of respect; it therefore need not be part of the official name of a woman. The official use of Khatoon is rare, if not obsolete, in the present-day Iran, and of the remaining two, Khanom is formal and Khanoom rather colloquial. The words Khatoon, Khanoom and Khanom, the feminine forms of the word Khan, are of Mongolian origin.
- ^ Astarabadi (استرآبادی) refers to the people of Astarabad (استرآباد), the modern city of Gorgan and the capital of the Golestan Province of Iran.