^"Immagine 92 / Image 92 [Birth certificate no 861 serial ]" (in Italian). Archivio di Stato di Roma / States Archives in Rome > Antenati: Gli Archivi per la Ricerca Anagrafica / Ancestors: Archives for Research Registry. 12 May 1886. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 6 November 2016. Birth name: Edvige Maria Valcarenghi.
^Pirro, Deirdre (2009). Italian Sketches: The Faces of Modern Italy. Florence, Italy: The Florentine Press. p. 43. ISBN9788890243448.