Bioko drill

Mainland drills, from Cameroon. They bear a strong resemblance to the Bioko drill, as they are part of the same species, Mandrillus leucophaeus; however, the Bioko drill is distinguished by a yellow crown, rather than white.[1]

Bioko drill[2]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Suborder: Haplorhini
Infraorder: Simiiformes
Family: Cercopithecidae
Genus: Mandrillus
Species:
M. leucophaeus
Subspecies:
M. l. poensis
Trinomial name
Mandrillus leucophaeus poensis
Zukowsky, 1922

The Bioko drill (Mandrillus leucophaeus poensis) is a subspecies of the drill, an Old World monkey. It is endemic to Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea,[4] located off the west coast of Africa.[5] The drill is one of the largest monkey species, and is considered endangered.[5] The Bioko drill was separated from their mainland counterpart, due to rising sea levels after the end of the last ice age, around 10,000 years ago.[4]  The capital of Equatorial Guinea, Malabo,[4] is on Bioko Island. The Malabo market is the primary point of sale for bushmeat on Bioko Island.[1] The drill plays an important role in the cultural tradition of bushmeat consumption, and is locally considered to be tasty, and in some regions, a delicacy.[6] The commercialisation of hunting on Bioko Island has made this practice unsustainable.[1] Hunting of the Bioko drill is banned in most areas of Bioko Island, as they predominantly inhabit protected areas on the island. However, the ban is considered ineffective; hunting remains the largest threat to the drill's population.[4][7]

  1. ^ a b c Cronin, Drew T.; Woloszynek, Stephen; Morra, Wayne A.; Honarvar, Shaya; Linder, Joshua M.; Gonder, Mary Katherine; O’Connor, Michael P.; Hearn, Gail W. (2015-07-31). Moreira, Francisco (ed.). "Long-Term Urban Market Dynamics Reveal Increased Bushmeat Carcass Volume despite Economic Growth and Proactive Environmental Legislation on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea". PLOS ONE. 10 (7): e0134464. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1034464C. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0134464. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4521855. PMID 26230504.
  2. ^ Groves, C. P. (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 165. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.
  3. ^ Cronin, D.T.; Owens, J.R. (2020). "Mandrillus leucophaeus ssp. poensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12755A17986085. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T12755A17986085.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  4. ^ a b c d Albrechtsen, Lise; Macdonald, David W.; Johnson, Paul J.; Castelo, Ramon; Fa, John E. (2007-11-01). "Faunal loss from bushmeat hunting: empirical evidence and policy implications in Bioko Island". Environmental Science & Policy. 10 (7): 654–667. Bibcode:2007ESPol..10..654A. doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2007.04.007. ISSN 1462-9011.
  5. ^ a b Ragan Davi, Christine (August 2017). "Drill MANDRILLUS LEUCOPHAEUS". New England Primate Conservatory.
  6. ^ Butyinski, Thomas; Koster, Stanley (1994). "Distribution and conservation status of primates in Bioko island, Equatorial Guinea". Biodiversity and Conservation. 3 (9): 893–909. Bibcode:1994BiCon...3..893B. doi:10.1007/BF00129665. S2CID 9467185.
  7. ^ Butynski, Thomas M.; Jong, Yvonne A. de; Hearn, Gail W. (2009). "Body Measurements for the Monkeys of Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea". Primate Conservation. 24 (1): 99–105. doi:10.1896/052.024.0108. ISSN 0898-6207. S2CID 86484346.