Biomarkers of diabetes

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a type of metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. It is caused by either defected insulin secretion or damaged biological function, or both. The high-level blood glucose for a long time will lead to dysfunction of a variety of tissues.[1]

Type 2 diabetes is a progressive condition in which the body becomes resistant to the normal effects of insulin and/or gradually loses the capacity to produce enough insulin in the pancreas.[2]

Pre-diabetes means that the blood sugar level is higher than normal but not yet high enough to be type 2 diabetes.[3]

Gestational diabetes is a condition in which a woman without diabetes develops high blood sugar levels during pregnancy.[4]

Type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes are associated with changes in levels of metabolic markers, these markers could serve as potential prognostic or therapeutic targets for patients with prediabetes or Type 2 diabetes mellitus.[5]

  1. ^ Abu Hanoud, Amal; Kasabri, Violet; Bulayova, Naiyla (2016). "Evaluation of oxytocin (OXT), endothelin-1 and nesfatin plasma concentrations in newly-diagnosed diabetic and non-diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome". Jordan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 9 (3): 163–173. doi:10.12816/0033380.
  2. ^ "Type 2 Diabetes". Diabetes Australia. Archived from the original on December 5, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
  3. ^ Hess-Fischl, Amy. "Prediabetes". Endocrine Web. Archived from the original on December 7, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
  4. ^ "High blood sugar during pregnancy: What to do-Gestational diabetes". Mayo Clinic. 2022-04-09. Retrieved 2024-08-20.
  5. ^ Akour, Amal; Kasabri, Violet; Boulatova, Nailya; Bustanji, Yasser; Naffa, Randa; Hyasat, Dana; Khawaja, Nahla; Bustanji, Haidar; Zayed, Ayman; Momani, Munther (2017). "Levels of metabolic markers in drug-naive prediabetic and type 2 diabetic patients". Acta Diabetologica. 54 (2): 163–170. doi:10.1007/s00592-016-0926-1. ISSN 0940-5429.