Biotin deficiency

Biotin deficiency
Biotin
SpecialtyEndocrinology Edit this on Wikidata

Biotin deficiency is a nutritional disorder which can become serious, even fatal, if allowed to progress untreated. It can occur in people of any age, ancestry, or of either sex. Biotin is part of the B vitamin family. Biotin deficiency rarely occurs among healthy people because the daily requirement of biotin is low, many foods provide adequate amounts of it, intestinal bacteria synthesize small amounts of it, and the body effectively scavenges and recycles it in the kidneys during production of urine.

Genetic disorders such as multiple carboxylase deficiency (MCD) (which includes biotinidase deficiency and holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency)[1] can also lead to inborn or late-onset forms of biotin deficiency.[2] In all cases – dietary, genetic, or otherwise – supplementation with biotin is the primary (and usually only)[3] method of treatment.[1][4] The prognosis for congenital MCD is good if biotin supplementation is begun quickly after birth and carried on throughout the patients life.[5]

The average dietary intake of biotin ranges between 35 and 70 micrograms/day in the western population.[2]

  1. ^ a b Chinese Medical Association, Division of Biochemistry and Metabolism; Chinese Association for Maternal and Child Health, Division of Genetics and Metabolism; Rare Diseases Committee of Beijing Medical Association, Division of Genetics and Metabolism (2022-02-25). "Expert consensus on screening, diagnosis and treatment of multiple carboxylase deficiency". Zhejiang da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical Sciences. 51 (1): 129–135. doi:10.3724/zdxbyxb-2022-0164. ISSN 1008-9292. PMC 9109762. PMID 35576117.
  2. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference :5 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ "Multiple Carboxylase Deficiency" (PDF). Texas Department of State Health Services. 2023-06-19. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-06-19. Retrieved 2023-06-19.
  4. ^ "Biotinidase Deficiency - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment | NORD". rarediseases.org. Retrieved 2023-06-19.
  5. ^ Baumgartner, E. R.; Suormala, T. (1997). "Multiple carboxylase deficiency: inherited and acquired disorders of biotin metabolism". International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research. 67 (5): 377–384. ISSN 0300-9831. PMID 9350481.