Boyd Rush

Boyd Rusia Rush[a 1] (July 4, 1895 – January 24, 1964)[1] was an American upholsterer who was the recipient of the world's first heart transplant on January 24, 1964, at University of Mississippi Medical Center in Jackson, Mississippi. Furthermore, Boyd's doctor James D. Hardy used a chimpanzee heart since no human donor heart was readily available. This heart beat in Rush's chest for approximately one hour, and then failed. Rush never regained consciousness.[2][3][4]


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  1. ^ Social Security Death Index, 1935–2014. Social Security Administration.
  2. ^ Heart Transplantation in Man: Developmental Studies and Report of a Case, JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association), James D. Hardy, MD; Carlos M. Chavez, MD; Fred D. Kurrus, MD; William A. Neely, MD; Sadan Eraslan, MD; M. Don Turner, PhD; Leonard W. Fabian, MD; Thaddeus D. Labecki, MD; 188(13): 1132-1140; June 29, 1964.
  3. ^ Every Second Counts: The Race to Transplant the First Human Heart, Donald McRae, New York: Penguin (Berkley/Putnam), 2006, chapter 7 "Mississippi Gambling," Dr. James Hardy pages 120-27, specifically for Boyd Rush’s case bottom of page 123 to top of page 126.
  4. ^ James D. Hardy, 84, Dies; Paved Way for Transplants, Obituary, New York Times (Associated Press), Feb. 21, 2003.