Brotherhood of the Union was an American nativism secret society. It was organized in 1850, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, by George Lippard. Important planks in its platform were: antagonism to the union of Church and State; maintenance of the public school system; "America for Americans", and the restriction of immigration. Its chief officers were called, respectively, "Supreme Washington", "Supreme Jefferson", and "Supreme Franklin". There was an auxiliary or branch society known as the Home Communion, to which members of the Brotherhood and their women relatives were eligible. The Brotherhood flourished principally in the States of Pennsylvania and New Jersey.[1] Its membership was given as about 25,000 in 1907. While the Brotherhood was similar to the Order of United American Mechanics and the Patriotic Order Sons of America,[2] it was the "premier nonpolitical land-reform organization of the 1850s".[3]