Buk missile system

For other uses, see Buk (disambiguation).

9K37 Buk
NATO reporting name:
SA-11 Gadfly, SA-17 Grizzly, SA-N-7 Gadfly
Buk-M1-2 air defence system in 2010
Buk-M1-2 air defence system in 2010
From left to right: Buk-M1-2 TAR, TELAR and TEL vehicles in 2010
TypeMedium range SAM system
Place of originSoviet Union; later Russia
Service history
In service1980–present
Used by9K37 Buk § Operators
Wars
Production history
Designer

Kalashnikov: MMZ (GM chassis)
Designed1972
Variants
Land:
  • 9K37 "Buk"
  • 9K37M
  • 9K37M1 "Buk-M1"
  • 9K37M1-2 "Buk-M1-2"
  • 9K37M1-2A
  • 9K317 "Buk-M2"
  • 9K317M "Buk-M3"
Naval:
  • 3S90 (M-22)
  • 3S90M
  • 3S90E.1

The Buk (Russian: "Бук"; "beech" (tree), /bʊk/) is a family of self-propelled, medium-range surface-to-air missile systems developed by the Soviet Union and its successor state, the Russian Federation, and designed to counter cruise missiles, smart bombs and rotary-wing aircraft, and unmanned aerial vehicles.[citation needed] In the Russian A2AD network, Buk is located between the S-200/300/400 systems above and the point defense Tor and Pantsir type systems below.[2]

A standard Buk battalion consists of a command vehicle, target acquisition radar (TAR) vehicle, six transporter erector launcher and radar (TELAR) vehicles and three transporter erector launcher (TEL) vehicles. A Buk missile battery consists of two TELAR (four missiles apiece) and one TEL vehicle, with six missiles for a full complement of 14 missiles.

The Buk missile system is the successor to the NIIP/Vympel 2K12 Kub (NATO reporting name SA-6 "Gainful").[citation needed] The first version of Buk adopted into service carried the GRAU designation 9K37 Buk and was identified in the west with the NATO reporting name "Gadfly" as well as the US Department of Defense (DoD) designation SA-11.[citation needed]

With the integration of a new missile, the Buk-M1-2 and Buk-M2 systems also received a new NATO reporting name Grizzly and a new DoD designation SA-17. Since 2013, the latest incarnation "Buk-M3" is currently in production and active service with a new DoD designation SA-27.[3][4]

A naval version of the system, designed by MNIIRE Altair (currently part of GSKB Almaz-Antey) for the Russian Navy, received the GRAU designation 3S90M and will be identified with the NATO reporting name Gollum and a DoD designation SA-N-7C, according to Jane's Missiles & Rockets. The naval system was scheduled for delivery in 2014.[5]

A Buk missile was used to shoot down Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 over Ukraine in 2014.[6]

  1. ^ "Big Russian flotilla led by Admiral Kuznetsov carrier heads for Syrian port". DEBKAfile. 21 August 2008. Archived from the original on 12 August 2010. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  2. ^ "The Russia - NATO A2AD Environment". Missile Threat. 3 January 2017. Retrieved 21 July 2023.
  3. ^ "Russian Troops to Start Getting Advanced Air Defense Systems in 2016". RIA Novosti. 28 December 2013. Archived from the original on 30 December 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
  4. ^ "Buk-M3 anti-aircraft systems intercept long-range spy drones in western Russia drills". RIA Novosti. 15 June 2020.
  5. ^ "Russian Navy to receive first Shtil SAM systems in 2014". IHS Jane's Missiles & Rockets. 6 November 2013. Archived from the original on 31 December 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
  6. ^ "MH17 missile owned by Russian brigade, investigators say". BBC News. 24 May 2018. Retrieved 17 July 2024.