Calender

Calender process
Calender at end of paper machine
Old calender machine
Threading paper through calender rolls, 1941
Calender machine for electrode pressing in Lithium-ion battery manufacturing

A calender is a series of hard pressure rollers used to finish or smooth a sheet of material such as paper, textiles, rubber, or plastics. Calender rolls are also used to form some types of plastic films and to apply coatings.[1] Some calender rolls are heated or cooled as needed.[2] Calenders are sometimes misspelled calendars.

  1. ^ US5167894A, Wilfried W. Baumgarten, "Apparatus comprising an extruder and a calender for producing sheets and/or foils from plastic or rubber mixtures", published 1992 
  2. ^ US4425489A, Pav, Lauscher, "Electromagnetic heating system for calender rolls or the like", published 1984