Campanula

For the main belt asteroid, see 1077 Campanula. For the racehorse, see Campanula (horse). The hydrozoan genus Campanula is usually included in Campanularia today.

Bellflower
Campanula persicifolia near Tehumardi, Saaremaa, Estonia.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Campanulaceae
Subfamily: Campanuloideae
Genus: Campanula
L.[1]
Type species
Campanula latifolia
Synonyms[3]
List
  • Marianthemum Schrank
  • Roucela Dumort
  • Symphyandra A.DC.
  • Rapuntia Chevall.
  • Decaprisma Raf.
  • Erinia Noulet
  • Loreia Raf.
  • Pentropis Raf.
  • Lacara Raf.
  • Nenningia Opiz
  • Trachelioides Opiz
  • Weitenwebera Opiz
  • Depierrea Schltdl.
  • Quinquelocularia K.Koch
  • Cenekia Opiz
  • Drymocodon Fourr
  • Sicyocodon Feer
  • Diosphaera Buser
  • Tracheliopsis Buser
  • Campanulastrum Small
  • Rotantha Small
  • Petkovia Stef.
  • Astrocodon Fed.
  • Popoviocodonia Fed.
  • Annaea Kolak.
  • Gadellia Schulkina
  • Pseudocampanula Kolak.
  • Hyssaria Kolak.
  • Mzymtella Kolak.
  • Hemisphaera Kolak.
  • Neocodon Kolak. & Serdyuk.
  • Megalocalyx (Damboldt) Kolak.
  • Brachycodonia Fed. ex Kolak.
  • Echinocodonia Kolak.

Campanula (/kæmˈpænjʊlə/)[4] is the type genus of the Campanulaceae family of flowering plants. Campanula are commonly known as bellflowers and take both their common and scientific names from the bell-shaped flowers—campanula is Latin for "little bell".

The genus includes over 500 species and several subspecies, distributed across the temperate and subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with centers of diversity in the Mediterranean region, Balkans, Caucasus and mountains of western Asia.[5] The range also extends into mountains in tropical regions of Asia and Africa.[3]

Unidentified Campanula in Tashkent Botanical Garden

The species include annual, biennial and perennial plants, and vary in habit from dwarf arctic and alpine species under 5 cm high, to large temperate grassland and woodland species growing to 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) tall.

  1. ^ "Genus: Campanula L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2004-01-29. Archived from the original on 2012-10-06. Retrieved 2011-02-03.
  2. ^ lectorype designated by Britton & Brown, Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States (ed. 2) 3: 294 (1913)
  3. ^ a b "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew". apps.kew.org. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  4. ^ Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607
  5. ^ Altervista Flora Italiana, Genere: Campanula - Famiglia: Campanulaceae