Carlos Marighella | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| Member of the Chamber of Deputies | |
| In office 5 February 1946 – 10 January 1948[a] | |
| Constituency | Bahia |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 5 December 1911 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil |
| Died | 4 November 1969 (aged 57) São Paulo, Brazil |
| Manner of death | Assassination |
| Resting place | Cemitério Público da Quinta dos Lázaros, Salvador, Bahia |
| Political party | PCB (1932–1964) |
| Spouse |
Clara Charf (m. 1948) |
| Domestic partner(s) | Elza Sento Sé Zilda Xavier Pereira |
| Children | Carlos Augusto |
| Parents |
|
| Occupation | Politician, guerrilla fighter, poetist, professor |
| Organization | ALN (1964–1969) |
Carlos Marighella (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈkaʁluz ˌmaɾiˈɡɛlɐ]; 5 December 1911 – 4 November 1969) was a Brazilian politician, writer, and militant of Marxist–Leninist orientation.[1][2] Critical of nonviolent resistance to the Brazilian military dictatorship, he founded the Ação Libertadora Nacional, a Marxist–Leninist urban guerrilla group, which was responsible for a series of bank robberies and high-profile kidnappings.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] He was killed by police in 1969 in an ambush. Marighella's most famous contribution to revolutionary literature was the Minimanual of the Urban Guerrilla.[11][12]
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
- ^ Marighella, Carlos (1 December 1966). "Carta à Comissão Executiva do Partido Comunista Brasileiro". Marxists.org. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
- ^ Magalhães, Mário (2012). Marighella (in Portuguese). Companhia das Letras. ISBN 9788580864717.
- ^ Sulzberger, C. L. (22 October 1977). "Terror Without A Philosophy". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
- ^ "The Terrorist Classic: Manual of the Urban Guerrilla". Foreign Affairs: America and the World. No. Spring 1986. 28 January 2009. ISSN 0015-7120. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
- ^ Williams, John W. (1989). "Carlos Marighella: The father of urban guerrilla warfare". Terrorism. 12 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1080/10576108908435757. ISSN 0149-0389.
- "Urban Terrorism in Latin America" (PDF). Central Intelligence Agency of the U.S. Of America. 6 November 1969. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 June 2017. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
- ^ "Marighella, Carlos (1911–1969)", The SAGE Encyclopedia of Terrorism, SAGE Publications, Inc., 2011, doi:10.4135/9781412980173.n254, ISBN 9781412980166, retrieved 18 February 2019
- ^ Müller, Kai (15 February 2019). "Carlos Marighella - der gute Terrorist". Der Tagesspiegel Online (in German). Retrieved 18 February 2019.
- ^ Schaefer, Annette (1 December 2017). "Inside the Terrorist Mind". Scientific American. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
- ^ Ekaterina, Stepanova (2008). Terrorism in asymmetrical conflict: ideological and structural aspects. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199533558. OCLC 170034858.
- ^ "Marighella: who is the terrorist brought by Wagner Moura to the movies?". Gazeta do Povo. 18 February 2019. Archived from the original on 24 May 2022. Retrieved 19 February 2019.
- ^ White, Jonathan. "Ideological Terrorism." Chapter 12 in Terrorism and Homeland Security, 5thEdition. Mason, Ohio, Cengage Learning, 2006. Page 218.
- ^ Williams, John W. (January 1989). "Carlos Marighella: The father of urban guerrilla warfare". Terrorism. 12 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1080/10576108908435757. ISSN 0149-0389.