The chain of survival refers to a series of actions that, properly executed, reduce the mortality associated with sudden cardiac arrest. Like any chain, the chain of survival is only as strong as its weakest link.[1][2] The six interdependent links in the chain of survival are early recognition of sudden cardiac arrest and access to emergency medical care,[3] early CPR, early defibrillation, early advanced cardiac life support, and physical and emotional recovery. The first three links in the chain can be performed by lay bystanders, while the second three links are designated to medical professionals.[4] Currently, between 70 and 90% of cardiac arrest patients die before they reach the hospital.[4] However, a cardiac arrest does not have to be lethal if bystanders can take the right steps immediately.[4]
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